Bacteria
What Gram-positive coccus most commonly causes neonatal meningitis?
Group B streptococcus (agalactae)
What is the most prescribed drug for influenza A?
Oseltamivir
A parasite that is most prevalent among immunocompromised patients that can cause autoinfection of unexplained bacteremia, pneumonias, and meningitis?
Strongyloides stercoralis
What dermatophyte species is the most common cause of tinea corporis?
Trichophyton rubrum
What is the drug of choice for syphilis?
Penicillin G
What bacterium is most commonly associated with Lemierr’s syndrome?
Fusobacterium necrophorum
Which viral causes erythema infectiosum (Slapped cheek syndrome)?
Parvovirus B19
What is the drug of choice for schistosomiasis?
Praziquantel
What is the most sensitive method for the diagnosis of histoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients?
Antigin detection (Urin Ag test )
What class of antifungal is most commonly used empirically to treat invasive candidiasis?
Echinocandins
Gram-negative organism that is strictly aerobic and usually grows on the 4th or 5th day of blood culture, can be used in bioterrorism?
Brucella spp
What is the primary mode of transmission of RSV?
Respiratory DROPLET
A parasitic infection that is typically in the liver but can be seen as cysts in the lungs, brain, and muscles. Can be managed with albendazole, Surgical excision, or PAIR.
Echinococcosis (Hydatid cyst)
What fungal infection commonly has a “soap bubble” appearance on brain imaging?
Cryptococcus meningitis
What antifungal is the primary drug for treating invasive mucormycosis?
Amphotrericin B
Which bacteria are associated with bacillary angiomatosis?
Bartonella henselae and Bartonella quintana
What is the main receptor that the spike protein in SARS-CoV-2 binds to?
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)
What protozoan parasite causes African sleeping sickness?
Trypanosoma brucei
A fungal infection that usually presents as a mass in the GI tract, mimicking GI cancers, and can also have skin manifestations, common in the southern region of Saudi Arabia?
Basidiobolomycosis ranrum
What is the cellular target of Macrolides?
50s Ribosomal subunits
What fastidious, slow-growing bacterium is responsible for rat-bite fever?
Streptobacillus moniliformisn and Spirillum minus
A retro-virus that causes neurological disease (tropical spastic paraparesis) and has the potential to transform to adult T-cell leukaemia or lymphoma?
HTLV-1 and HTLV-2
A parasite that is managed by Albendazole, but definitive treatment is manual extraction during EGD, and is associated with raw seafood like Sushi and Sashimi. Presentation is usually severe abdominal pain.
Anisakis
Candida spp. That are inherently resistant to Fluconazole but not Voriconazole?
C. krusei and C. galbrata
Which beta-lactam can be used for pre-surgical prophylaxis even if the patient has an allergy to penicillin safely, as it has a unique beta-lactam ring compared to other antibiotics from the same class?
Cefazolin