Flat-file versus database
The cause of three types of data management problems (data storage, data updating, and currency of information)
Data redundancy
This feature allows the database administrator (DBA) to check the database and to authorize appropriate users
Database usage reporting
The number of instances or records that pertain to a specific entity
Occurrence
How many conditions should be met in order to pass as valid entities
2
This is done to protect shared resources or objects
Database Lockout
User’s inability to obtain additional information as his or her needs change when using the flat-file approach
Task-data dependency
This allows users and programmers to create applications to access the database
Program development
Refers to the degree of association between two entities
Cardinality
What table uses a composite primary key of Purchase Order NUMBER and PART NUMBER to uniquely identify the Order Quantity attribute
Purchase Order Item Detail table
Two types of Distributed Database
Partitioned and Replicated
Special software system that is programmed to know which data elements each user is authorized to access
Database management system (DBMS)
This is the lowest level of representation, which shows the physical arrangement and sequence of records
Internal view
Refers to the data elements that define an entity such as name, date, and amount
Attribute
Allows the system designer to easily create user views from tables
Query Function
Method of managing simultaneous operations without conflicting each other
Concurrency Control
Describes an environment in which individual data files are not related to other files
Flat-file model
The proprietary programming language that a particular DBMS uses to retrieve, process, and store data
Data manipulation language
Extracts specific rows from a particular table and creates a virtual table that is a subset of the original table
Restrict
It is used to make the view visually attractive and easy to use.
Report Program
A situation where computer programs are preventing each other from accessing the resource
Deadlock Phenomenon
The central concept of the database approach
Data sharing
This feature allows users and programmers to access the data without programs
Query language
Extracts specific columns from a particular table and creates a virtual table that is a subset of the original table
Project
What is the 5th step in designing a database
Construct the physical database
Give one advantage of replicated database
ensures data access or reduces the risk of delays