Foundations of Public Health
The science of protecting and improving the health of families and communities through the promotion of healthy lifestyles, research for disease and injury prevention, and detection and control of infectious diseases
What is Public Health?
Public health focuses on the health of ____
What is a population?
Conditions in which people are born, grow up, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age
What are the social determinants of health; includes health care and education access and quality, economic stability, neighborhood and built environment, and social and community context?
Adequacy, balance, calorie needs, moderation, variety
What are the basics of eating for health (will accept healthy eating, nutrition, etc.)?
The U.S. has unusually high rates of this; death of mother during pregnancy and up to a year after giving birth
What is maternal mortality?
Fulfill society’s interest in assuring conditions in which all people can be healthy
What is the mission of public health?
Actions individuals take that affect their health; they may improve outcomes or increase risk of disease
What are health-related behaviors?
Monetary values of all possessions or assets-such as a home, other real estate, savings, and investments-accumulated over a lifetime
What is wealth?
When households have limited or uncertain access to enough food for all household members to lead active, healthy lives because of insufficient family resources
What is food insecurity?
Osteoporosis, falls, Alzheimer’s & dementia, and impairment of vision and hearing
What are health concerns of older adulthood?
Preventing health issues through immunization and health education vs. treatment through medical interventions such as medicine or surgery
What is the focus of public health vs. clinical medicine?
Conceptual framework describing 5 levels of influence on health behavior: individual, interpersonal, institution, community, and policy
What is the ecological model of health?
A visual representation/graph demonstrating disparities in health status based on socioeconomic status
What is the health-wealth gradient (social gradient of health as well)?
When all Americans have consistent access to safe, healthy, affordable foods essential to optimal health and well-being
What is nutrition security?
Birth defects, pre-term birth (low birth weight), maternal pregnancy complications, sudden infant death syndrome, and injuries
What are the primary causes of infant mortality?
A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
What is health?
Primary, Secondary and Tertiary
What are the levels of public health prevention?
These are the foundation of public health’s ethical compass, helping regulate behavior, set goals, and guide every decision-making process
What are the values of public health
Cardiovascular disease, mental health & suicide behaviors, emergency room visits/hospital utilization, infectious disease risk, and gestational diabetes are all examples health outcomes that may occur
What are the impacts of food and nutrition insecurity?
A rising health issue among Americans in the developmental adulthood stage (24-64 years)
What is cancer
Assessment, Assurance, Policy Development
What are the core functions of public health (Apart of the 10 essential services)?
Early detection, genetic testing, learning family’s medical history, age-appropriate cancer screenings and HPV vaccine
What are prevention measures for cancer in young adults?
These two opposing frameworks compare health as collective social good versus health as an individual economic good
What are social justice and market justice
Housing insecurity, neighborhood disinvestment, insufficient jobs with adequate wages, lack of quality accessible and affordable health care
What are root causes of food and nutrition insecurity
Certain exposures that occur during a critical developmental period can strongly influence future health outcomes, an example of this is mothers drinking regularly during pregnancy and their infants being born with fetal alcohol syndrome disorder
What is the critical period model?