Rhetorical Devices
What do you call it when an author poses a question in his/her text and then answers it immediately?
Answer: Hypophora
Example: “What make me take this trip to Africa? There is no quick explanation. Things got worse and worse and worse and pretty soon they were too complicated.
Function: create curiosity, captures attention of readers, to introduce new topics, a way to change the topic, raise questions the readers might be thinking of.
Who said: “It is hard to fail, but it is worse to never have tried to succeed”?
Answer: Theodore Roosevelt
Explanation: 26th US president, ran for 1901-1909
Established first national park in america, Florida 1903
Encouraged the building of Panama Canal
Played a big role in foreign affairs, considered a peacemaker, behaved as a mediator in the Russo-Japanese war, took control of the Philippines under his rule, he elected William Howard Taft as the civilian governor.
When you blame the person instead of the person’s idea.
Answer: Ad hominem
Example: “Taylan is wrong because he is dumb”
Which religious founder is not considered a god, rather a teacher?
Answer: Buddha
Facts:
Buddhism is the fourth largest religion in the world, most popular in China, Japan, and Southeast Asia
Buddha is also known as the “enlightened one” or the “awakened one”
Buddha meditated under the Bodhi tree, the fig tree, for several days to gain enlightenment
The goal of Buddhism is to gain nirvana, a paradise world where suffering does not exist, ridding of karma and its effects
A word you use to describe a straightforward, truthful tone.
Answer: Candid
Example: “Hamza has an amazing taste in clothing, gotta love Diesel.”
What is it called when a word applies to two others in a different sense?
Answer: Zeugma
Example: “Fatih lost his coat and his temper”
Function: Helps produce a dramatic effect, to add vividness and conscience to the text.
Who said: “Peace is its own reward.”?
Answer: Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation: the leader of the non-violence independent movement of India from British rule
Advocated for the rights of Indians in South Africa
He was assassinated by Nathuram Godse, because he was salty that Gandhi was so tolerant towards Muslims
When you lead to a conclusion with very poor evidence
Answer: Hasty generalization
Example: “He does not drink alcohol he must be a Muslim.”
The Torah is the holy book of which religion?
Answer: Judaism
Facts:
Torah, also known as the 5 books of Moses (considered by the Abrahamic religions as a prophet), is the foundation of jewish beliefs.
Jews=Hebrews=Israelites SAME PEOPLE
They believe in only one God, he is the creator of heaven and earth, called by many names, one of them being “Hashem” (hebrew for The Name)
The jewish people began as slaves in Egypt, until they were freed by their God, with the help of Moses, this gives people empathy for the less fortunate, central ideas in the Torah is to give charity and kindness to those in need
A word to describe the tone wishing for something from the past.
Answer: Nostalgic
Example: “I didn’t go to the moon, I went much further—for time is the longest distance between two places.”
Which figure of speech, derived from the Greek word meaning "simple", employs and understatement by using double negatives?
Answer: Litotes
Example: “You are not doing badly at all” OR “I am not aware of how…”
Function: Ironic understatement is used to emphasize an idea or situation.
Who said: “We have the power to make this the best generation of mankind in the history of the world or make it the last”?
Answer: John F. Kennedy
35th president of the US, first one to be born in the 20th century
Ran 1961, killed in ‘63
Very wealthy and powerful family, siblings and parents all involved in politics and the world somehow
He served in the navy during WWII, his ship was attacked by a Japanese destroyer, he and his crew jumped into a sea of burning oil and swam for four hours to shore, he saved a crew member
When you attempt to shift the attention from a particular topic that has nothing to do with anything, not answering a question.
Answer: Red Herring
Example: “Do you have our exam results? What about starving children in Africa?”
Who wrote about the idea to love one God and to love one’s neighbour?
Answer: Jesus Christ
Facts:
God is considered as son, father, and holy spirit - the holy trinity
Eucharist is the Greek work for thanksgiving, celebrating the Jesus’ last meal before his death (the last supper)
Christianity is considered a historical religion, because it is based off actual events that happened in history
Jesus Christ was probably brown-skinned
What do you call two clauses that contain the same structural features?
Answer: balanced sentence
Example: “Every man has a right to utter what he thinks truth, and every other man has a right to knock him down for it.”
Function: makes sentence stand out, draws in the reader, gives the text a rhythm, a flow, makes message clear.
What is the name of the device that places a good point or benefit next to a problem, to minimize the degree of the problem?
Answer: Antanagoge
Example: “True, Alyssa did not notice my new haircut, but she compliments me every day.”
Function: to soften the blow, make the reader feel better, to use a contrary principle of looking at the positives and the negatives.
Who said: “Political chaos is connected with the decay of language...once can probably bring about some improvement by starting at the verbal end.”?
Answer: George Orwell
Explanation: a novelist, essayist, and critic
Pseudonym - Eric Arthur Blair
Most famous works: Animal farm and 1984 (an anti-Utopian novel that regards the dangers of totalitarian rule)
Born in India and died in England
Took part in movements on communism, fascism, imperialism
A democratic socialist, he detested communism and Stalin’s policies
When there is an illogical misleading comparison between two things, a weak argument
Answer: Faulty analogy
Example: “Women are attracted to Axe body spray.”
What is the largest irreligious country in the world?
Answer: China (about 70%)
Facts:
Probably because of the CCP, an atheist government
Other beliefs include confucianism and buddhism
Confucianism was founded by the dude Confucius
The ultimate goal of Confucianism is social harmony
A word to describe informal, slang diction in a text.
Answer: jargon
Fact: jargon is more broadly based, as opposed to slang which is more within a community, jargon consists of abbreviations too
Function: to demonstrate knowledge about greater things, other spheres of reality lol idk
What do you call it when you refer to an act of supplying a list of details about something?
Answer: Enumeratio
Example: In the Declaration of Independence, listing reasons why they should separate
Function: easier for reader to understand the message being conveyed, emphasis on the points being made, structurally expand on an idea, make an impression on the readers.
Who said: "Our country is in serious trouble. We don't have victories any more. We used to have victories but [now] we don't have them. When was the last time anybody saw us beating, let's say, China, in a trade deal? They kill us. I beat China all the time. All the time."?
Answer: Donald Trump
45th president of the US, 2016-
Real-estate businessman owns hotels, golf courses, casinos, residential properties in New York and the world
In terms of politics, he co-authored a book called THE AMERICA WE DESERVE stating his views as socially liberal and economically conservative
Republican party obviously
When you SCARE readers or listeners into agreeing with what you are saying
Answer: Scare tactics
Example: “If we do this, this will happen.”
What is the “religion of the Indians”?
Answer: Hinduism
Facts:
Polytheistic, they believe in soooo many gods.
There exists this caste system - an arrangement of someone’s social status.
A Hindu is trapped at a certain level in the caste system in an endless process of life, death and rebirth (reincarnation) called samsara.
Your good and bad doings be called Karma, you do good you move up a level, you do bad you move down a level in the caste system
What is a word to describe informal words or phrases used in everyday conversations?
Answer: colloquial
Example: bamboozled, y’all, gonna, wanna
Function: helps form strong connections between writer and reader, allows reader to go in deep into writer’s lives, in all reality, adds a sense of realism, makes characters more interesting and memorable