anemia
A patient with anemia reports fatigue. The nurse suggests scheduling activities with rest periods because this complication is most likely ?
activity intolerance
A COPD patient is taught to use this breathing technique to prevent airway collapse during exhalation.
pursed-lip breathing
A priority nursing intervention to prevent pneumonia in immobile patients is to encourage this activity regularly
Turn, cough, deep breathe (or incentive spirometry)
A patient with active TB should be placed on this type of isolation precaution.
airborne precautions
A COVID-19 patient is placed in this type of isolation precaution in the hospital.
Airborne + droplet (or enhanced precautions depending on setting)
A patient taking oral iron reports dark green stools. The nurse’s best response is:
this is an expected side effect of iron
A COPD patient on oxygen becomes drowsy with a rising CO₂ level. The nurse recognizes this is most likely caused by:
suppressed respiratory drive from excess oxygen / CO₂ retention
A patient with pneumonia has a respiratory rate of 32/min and oxygen saturation of 88%. The nurse’s FIRST intervention is:
Apply oxygen
The nurse instructs a patient taking rifampin that this harmless but important side effect will occur.
Orange/red body fluids
A COVID-19 patient has “silent hypoxia,” meaning the nurse observes this unexpected finding.
Low oxygen without obvious distress
A patient with anemia has a hemoglobin of 7 g/dL but is asymptomatic. The nurse anticipates this intervention may still be necessary based on lab value alone
blood transfusion
A COPD patient has diminished breath sounds and a barrel chest. The nurse associates this finding most with this pathological change
Alveolar destruction (emphysema)
Crackles heard in pneumonia are caused by this underlying process in the lungs.
Fluid in alveoli
A patient taking isoniazid is at risk for this deficiency, so the nurse anticipates supplementation
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) deficiency
A hospitalized COVID-19 patient is at increased risk for this complication due to inflammation and hypercoagulability
Blood clots (e.g., DVT/PE)
A patient with suspected vitamin B12 deficiency reports numbness and difficulty walking. The nurse recognizes delaying treatment could result in this complication
permanent neurological damage
Which meal choice indicates the COPD patient understands dietary teaching to reduce CO₂ production?
High-fat, low-carbohydrate meal
A patient with pneumonia becomes suddenly confused. The nurse recognizes this as an early sign of this complication ?
Hypoxia
Which action by a patient with TB indicates a need for further teaching about preventing transmission?
Not covering mouth / improper mask use (any unsafe behavior)
A COVID-19 patient suddenly has sharp chest pain and shortness of breath. The nurse suspects this emergency condition.
Pulmonary embolism
A patient receiving a blood transfusion develops fever, chills, and low back pain 10 minutes after initiation. The nurse’s FIRST action is:
stop the transfusion immediately
A COPD patient suddenly develops chest pain and absent breath sounds on one side. The nurse suspects this life-threatening complication
Pneumothorax
A patient with pneumonia is receiving IV antibiotics. The nurse knows effectiveness is best evaluated by improvement in this finding
Improved oxygenation (e.g., ↑ SpO₂, ↓ RR)
A patient stops TB medications early and returns with worsening symptoms. The nurse recognizes this increases the risk of this serious public health issue.
Drug-resistant TB
A COVID-19 patient’s oxygen saturation continues to decline despite nasal cannula. The nurse’s priority next step is:
Escalate oxygen (e.g., high-flow, notify provider)