RDS/ARF
surfactant deficiency
what is RDS
happens quickly, systemic inflammatory response
what is ARDS
viral infection from covid, airborne precautions
what is SARS
continuous bubbles -20 cm
2 cm, intermittent bubbles
no bubbles
what is the pressure regulating bottle, water seal bottle, and fluid collection bottle
PH: 7.18 CO2: 34 HCO3: 12
what is partially compensated metabolic acidosis
tachypnea, nasal flaring, expiratory grunting, intercostal/substernal retractions, rales, cyanosis, unresponsiveness, flaccidity, apnea, decreased breath sounds
what is the S/S of RDS
sepsis (#1), shock, DIC, aspiration, PE, pneumonia, near drowning, trauma, multiple blood transfusions, toxic gas inhalation, opioid, heroin, salicylate overdose
what are the causes of ARDS
dyspnea, orthopnea, rapid shallow breathing, cyanotic, mottled, dusky skin/mucous membranes, substernal retractions, posterior rales, tachycardia, hypotension, fever over 100.4. low WBC
what is the S/S of SARS
no bubbles in the water seal
what is the lung reinflated or obstruction in tubing
PH: 7.12 CO2: 116 HCO3: 29
what is partially compensated respiratory acidosis
O2 nasal/CPAP/mechanical, correct acidosis, IV fluids, surfactant replacement therapy, thermoregulation, glucocorticoids
what is the management for RDS
dyspnea, crackles, hypotension, tachycardia, decreased lung compliance, dense patchy bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, white out lungs, refractory hypoxemia
what is the S/S of ARDS
how long does symptoms take to appear
what is 3-7 days after exposure
indicates low volume and is usually associated with tube disconnection, cuff leak, or tube dislodgement
what is the low-pressure alarm
PH: 7.54 CO2: 29 HCO3: 24
what is uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
Type 1: PE, pulmonary edema, pneumonia, overdose. Type 2: lungs, chest wall, muscle, brain.
Both: asthma, emphysema, CF
what are the causes of ARF
mechanical vent with peep, monitor ABGs, prone position, monitor mental status, UOP, BP, and COP
what are the interventions for ARDS
anti-virals, ABX for secondary infections, steroids, antipyretics, mechanical vent
what is the treatment for SARS
indicates increased pressure, which may be caused by secretions, kinking of tube, pulmonary edema, coughing, or biting the tube
what is the high pressure alarm
PH: 7.53 CO2 43 HCO3: 35
what is uncompensated metabolic alkalosis
dyspnea, orthopnea, cyanosis, pallor, hypotension, hypoxemia, HA, tachycardia, respiratory acidosis, changes in LOC, confusion, irritability, agitation, restlessness, hypercarbia
what is the S/S of ARF
pressure injury, blood clots, infection, poor nutrition, pneumothorax
what are the complications with ARDS
maintain airway, mechanical vent, O2 before suctioning, assess sputum, obtain ABGs, continuously monitor VS/O2 S/S of hypoxemia/pneumothorax, prevent infection, promote nutrition, support
what are the nursing interventions for SARS
PPI/H2 blockers, benzodiazepines, corticosteroids, opioids, neuromuscular blockers, ABX
what are the meds use for mechanical ventilation
PH: 7.38 CO2: 40 HCO3: 25
what is compensated