Breathing Basics
A lubricant made in the lungs to keep the alveoli from collapsing during exhalation?
What is surfactant
What muscle is the primary driver of inspiration?
what is the diaphragm.
A patient has decreased lung sounds after surgery, which nursing intervention is MOST important?
Incentive spirometer
What vein delivers oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs?
what is the pulmonary vein
Breathing greater than 20 bpm
what is tachypnea
Collapse of airways and small sections of the lung as a result of shallow breathing. The collapsing of the lung during expansion?
what is atelactasis
which structures prevent food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
what is the epiglottis.
Your patient has an oxygen saturation of 82% on room air but is not in distress. what is your priority nursing action?
what is apply supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula. Assess your patient.
Name of the number of lobes on the right side? On the left side?
what is the right has 3. Left has 2.
oxygen saturation less than 84% is indication of what?
What is hypoxia
The space or cavity between the visceral and parietal layers of the lung?
what is pleural cavity
where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?
what is the alveoli.
The movement of blood from the heart to the lungs from the capillaries for gas exchange and back.
What is Pulmonary Circulation
what is 12-20 bpm
Not breathing and no pulse
what is cardiac arrest
A muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity and innervated by nerves?
What is the diaphragm
A collapsed lung is called what?
what is pneumothorax
You give a patient pain medication and during reassessment their respirations are 6 bpm, what would you do next?
Assess (shake the patient), supplemental oxygen and administer Narcan.
How is oxygen transported within the body?
What is hemoglobin
what is aspiration
The flow of blood by the cardiopulmonary system into the alveolar capillaries where deoxygenated blood is exchanged for oxygenated blood in the heart and delivered to the rest of the body?
What is perfusion
Which two gases are present in the breathing process?
what is oxygen and carbon dioxide
A patient with COPD is wearing 4L NC and has oxygen sat of 98% but struggling to breath, what would you do?
Decrease the amount of oxygen. This is due to the inability for their lungs to perform the gas exchange and causes retention of carbon dioxide.
Air moves in and out of the lungs through these two processes?
what is inhalation and exhalation
What medication are you going to give if a patient comes in with anaphylaxis?
What is epinephrine.