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Tracheae
Gills
Lungs
Cardiopulminary
Other Facts
100
Simple internal structures present in insects that allows for gas exchange to occur.
What are tracheae?
100
Structures that are in contact with the environment and are used for gas exchange by fish.
What are gills?
100
Internal structures that work as the gas exchange mechanisms for mammals, reptiles, birds, and amphibians (at some point in their lives).
What are lungs?
100
The site of gas exchange between inhaled air and capillaries.
What are alveoli?
100
In mammals, what two gases are exchanged in the lungs?
What are oxygen and carbon dioxide?
200
Holes that insects can open and close on the outside of the body
What are spiracles?
200
Fish use gills to diffuse this molecule out of the bloodstream.
What is carbon dioxide?
200
Amphibians lungs have little surface area and don't expand much so they primarily respirate through this organ.
What is skin?
200
Protein responsible for red blood cell's ability to carry large amounts of oxygen.
What is hemoglobin?
300
Tubes connected to the trachae that branch out and connect to every cell in the body
What are tracheoles?
300
Gills in fish are covered by this structure for protection and streamlining
What is the operculum?
300
Due to evolutionary trends these animals have evolved to have only 1 lung, the second has degenerated.
What are snakes and long lizards?
300
The kind of blood vessels in which gas exchange between tissues and blood occurs.
What are capillaries?
300
The percent of body volume taken up by lungs.
What is 6%?
400
This molecule diffuses directly from the air into the body cells of insects
What is oxygen?
400
The process by which fish such as sharks and tuna move water across gill surfaces using force
What is ram ventilation?
400
The number of alveoli in the average, healthy, adult human lung.
What is 300 million?
400
This molecule consists of one heme-globin unit and retains oxygen in the muscles
What is myoglobin?
400
Phospholipid in alveolar walls that prevents collapse during exhalation.
What is surfactant?
500
Trachael tubes are stiffened with this polysaccharide so they don't collapse under the weight of the insect.
What is chitin?
500
The extraction rate of oxygen from water by fish
What is 80 percent?
500
In deep-diving mammals, oxygen is stored here to help maintain longer dive times.
What are muscles?
500
The process of carbon dioxide assisting the release of oxygen from hemoglobin
What is the Bohr effect?
500
The organ responsible for increasing and decreasing pressure in the lungs.
What is the diaphragm?