Name that Law
This law states that pressure and volume are inversely related at constant temperature.
Boyle's Law V1P1 = V2P2
A gas has a volume of 4.0 L at 1.0 atm. What is the volume at 2.0 atm (constant T)?
2.0 L
What type of relationship exists between pressure and volume?
inverse (indirect)
Why does a balloon shrink when placed in a freezer?
temperature decreases, so volume decreases
Convert 25°C to Kelvin
298 K
This law states that volume and temperature are directly related at constant pressure.
Charles' Law
A balloon has a volume of 3.0 L at 300 K. What is the volume at 600 K (constant P)?
6.0 L
What type of relationship exists between volume and temperature (in Kelvin)?
direct
Why are aerosol cans dangerous when heated?
pressure increases as temperature increases
Convert 760 mmHg to atm.
1.0 atm
This law relates pressure and temperature when volume is constant.
Gay-Lussac's Law
A gas is at 2.0 atm and 300 K. What is the final pressure at 450 K (constant V)
3.0 atm
What would a P vs. V graph look like
downward-curving hyperbola
Why do your ears “pop” when driving up a mountain?
outside pressure decreases
Convert 2.5 atm to mmHg.
1900 mmHg
This law combines pressure, volume, and temperature but moles may or may not be constant.
Combined Gas Law
A gas occupies 2.5 L at 1.2 atm and 290 K. What is the volume at 1.0 atm and 320 K?
3.3 L
What would a V vs. T (Kelvin) graph look like?
A straight line from the origin diagonally up to the right.
Why do scuba divers ascend slowly
decreasing pressure causes gas volume to expand
Which R value would you use if pressure is in kPa?
8.31 L·kPa/mol·K
This law relates pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles using the constant R.
Ideal Gas Law
How many moles of gas are in a 10.0 L container at 2.0 atm and 300 K? (R = 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)
0.81 mol
If a graph of P vs. T (K) is linear, what 2 variables must be held constant?
moles (n) and volume (V)
Why does a sealed bag of chips puff up on an airplane
external pressure decreases, so volume increases
A gas sample has a pressure of 102 kPa. What is this pressure in atm?
1.01 atm