Gas Laws Project

Gas Laws

100

Boyle's Law

Definition: States that at constant temperature the volume of a given mass of a dry gas is inversely proportional to its pressure

Formula: PV = k. where P is pressure, V is volume, and k is a constant 

200

Charles's Law

Definition: Is an ideal gas law where at constant pressure, the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature

Formula: Vi/Ti = Vf/Tf

Vi = initial volume
Ti = initial absolute temperature
Vf = final volume
Tf = final absolute temperature

300

Gay-Lussac's Law

Definition: States that the pressure of a given mass of gas varies directly with the absolute temperature of the gas, when the volume is kept constant. 

Formula: P/T = constant or Pi/Ti = Pf/Tf.

400

Absolute Zero

Definition: Represents the lowest possible theoretical temperature. At absolute zero, the atoms are all in the lowest possible energy state.

500

Combined Gas Law

Definition: States the relationship among pressure, temperature, and volume of a fixed amount of gas.

Vocabulary

100

Pressure

Definition: Is a force exerted by the substance per unit area on another substance

200

Temperature

Definition: Is the property of matter which reflects the quantity of energy of motion of the component particles. It is a comparative measure of how hot or cold a material is

300

Volume

Definition: A gas is defined as a state of matter consisting of particles that have neither a defined volume nor defined shape. The volume of a gas is determined by the volume of the container it is in. Gases take the shape of their container and the volume of the container.

400

Gas

Definition: Is defined as a state of matter consisting of particles that have neither a defined volume nor defined shape. It is one of the four fundamental states of matter, along with solids, liquids, and plasma. Under ordinary conditions, the gas state is between the liquid and plasma states.

Ideal Gas Law

100

Avogadro's Principle

Definition: States that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of particles

200

Molar Volume

Definition: The molar volume of a gas is the volume that 1 mol occupies at 0.00˚C and 1.00 atm pressure

300

Ideal Gas Constant

Definition: A general constant in the equation of state of gases that is equal in the case of an ideal gas to the product of the pressure and volume of one mole divided by the absolute temperature

400

Ideal Gas Law

Definition: Describes the physical behavior of an ideal gas in terms of pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of gas present

Mathematical Problems

100

Given: Xe
P1: 444.51 kPa
P2: 740.29 kPa
V1: 68.821 L
Wanted: V2 in L

This is a Boyle's Law Math Problem 

PV= k

Correct Answer: 41.324 L

200

Given: C3H8
T1: 274.11 K
T2: 802.18 K
V2: 79.333 L
Wanted: V1 in L

This is a Charles's Law Math Problem

Vi/Ti = Vf/Tf

Correct Answer: 27.109 L

300

Given: CO2
P1: 370.04 kPa
T1: 968.99 K
T2: 994.5 K
Wanted: P2 in kPa

This is a Gay Lussac's Law Math Problem

P/T = constant or Pi/Ti = Pf/Tf.

Correct Answer: 379.8 kPa

400

Given: C4H10
P: 932.16 kPa
V: 87.058 L
T: 972.96 K
Wanted: in mol

This is a Ideal Gas Math Problem

Correct Answer: 10.032 mol

500

Given: Ar
P2: 681.87 kPa
V1: 38.646 L
V2: 99.072 L
T1: 383.45 K
T2: 34.49 K
Wanted: P1 in kPa

This is a Combined Law Math Problem

Correct Answer: 19430 kPa