Gastroenterology

Vocabulary

100

Black, tarry stools suggestive of upper GI bleeding

Melena

200

Gallstones in the common bile duct

Choledocolithiasis

300

Gas produced in the stomach or intestines

Flatus

400

A syndrome of delayed gastric emptying of solid food in the absence of mechanical obstruction

Gastroparesis

500

A medical term for "stomach pain"

Gastrodynia

GI disorders

100

A bacteria that commonly causes gastritis and peptic ulcer disease

Helicobacter pylori

200

Nausea, vomiting, and/or diarrhea caused by a bacteria, virus, or parasite

(Bonus if you can name a pathogen!)

Gastroenteritis

300

An inflammatory disease primarily of the small intestine, but can involve the oral cavity to the perianal area

Crohn's Disease

(Which IBD affects the colon?)

400

Vitamin B12 deficiency caused by autoantibodies that interfere with B12 absorption by targeting intrinsic factor or gastric parietal cells in the stomach.

Pernicious Anemia

500

You would suspect this in a patient with jaundice, hepatomegaly, anorexia. 

Hepatitis

(Hep A vs. Hep B & C)

Misc. Diagnostics

100

You/your provider will order this if there is concern for bleeding/anemia

CBC (complete blood count)

200

You suspect acute appendicitis in this obese adult male, so you would order this imaging study.

CT Abdomen

300

An elevation of this enzyme suggests acute pancreatitis. 

Lipase

400

You would suspect this in a patient with RUQ pain, fever, elevated WBC. 

Acute cholecystitis

500

In a patient with "scleral icterus" (conjunctival icterus), you would expect to find abnormal levels of this compound. 

Bilirubin

GI Procedures

100

A surgical procedure in which a small incision is made through the abdominal wall to view intra-abdominal organs; can be diagnostic and therapeutic

Laparoscopy (ex lap) 

200

Diagnostic and therapeutic procedure when dealing with certain disorders of the gallbladder, liver, common bile duct, pancreas

ERCP 

(https://www.okddsi.net/ercp)

300

Radiographic study of the esophagus, stomach, & occasionally duodenum to evaluate for things like tumors, strictures, outpouching, hiatal hernia, esophageal varices

Barium Swallow Study

400

We would order this common procedure in a patient with dyspepsia that is: unresponsive to PPI, lasting >5 years, unexplained weight loss, anemia

EGD

500

Patient swallows a tiny camera which takes pictures of the esophagus, small and large intestine to help diagnose GI bleeding, esophageal varices, Celiac, Crohn's, cancers

Capsule Video Endoscopy

Medications

100

These treat the acute symptoms of acid reflux (must give at least one specific answer) 

Antacids: Tums (CaCO3), Pepto-Bismol, combos of AlOH3, MgOH3 such as Mylanta, Maalox

200

Treatment for GERD, PUD, H. pylori, and Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

Proton Pump Inhibitors

(ZES/gastrinoma= hypersecretion of the hormone Gastrin resulting in severe acid-related peptic disease)

300

Overuse of these medications can lead to peptic ulcer disease

NSAIDs

400

A common medication used to treat diarrhea. 

Imodium (loperamide)

500

Antispasmodic medications treat this disorder

(Bonus if you can name a medication!)

IBS 

(dicyclomine (Bentyl) & hyoscyamine (Levsin))