Peptic Ulcer Disease
What bacteria is commonly treated with antibiotics in peptic ulcer disease?
H. pylori
Antiemetics are used to prevent or treat ______ and ______.
Nausea and vomiting
Laxatives are commonly used to treat what?
Constipation
Alosetron (Lotronex) is used for which type of IBS?
IBS-D (diarrhea)
Iron supplements are used to treat which type of anemia?
Iron-deficiency anemia
Name one factor that can worsen peptic ulcer disease besides infection.
NSAID use, smoking, or gastric acid
Name one common use for metoclopramide (Reglan).
Post-op nausea, chemo-induced nausea, diabetic gastroparesis, or GERD
What is a common complication of laxative overuse?
Dehydration or GI irritation
Lubiprostone (Amitiza) is indicated for which type of IBS?
IBS-C (constipation)
Vitamin B12 is needed to activate which vitamin?
Folic acid
What is the main purpose of medications used in peptic ulcer disease?
To restore the balance between mucosal defenses and harmful factors
Which medication class is contraindicated in children under 2 years old?
Promethazine (an antiemetic)
Loperamide should be avoided in patients with which condition?
IBS (risk of megacolon)
Name one contraindication for Alosetron.
Chronic constipation, bowel obstruction, Crohn’s, ulcerative colitis, impaired circulation, toxic megacolon, GI perforation
Folic acid helps prevent which birth defect during pregnancy?
Neural tube defects
True or False: Smoking can increase the risk of peptic ulcer complications.
True
High doses of antidiarrheals can cause what type of effects?
Opioid effects (euphoria, CNS depression)
True or False: All laxatives are safe for patients with bowel obstruction.
False
Name one class of medication used for hiatal hernia.
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or antacids
Potassium supplements are commonly given to treat what condition?
Hypokalemia
What are the two key protective factors in the stomach that medications support in peptic ulcer disease?
Mucus and bicarbonate production
Which antiemetic can cause prolonged QTc, headache, and diarrhea?
Serotonin antagonists (e.g., ondansetron)
Which type of laxative can be used in patients with ulcerative colitis or diverticulitis?
Bulk-forming laxatives
PPIs work by blocking which process?
The final step of gastric acid production
Magnesium sulfate IV can be used to stop what condition during pregnancy?
Pre-term labor / as an anticonvulsant during labor & delivery. Preeclampsia