Gateway
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1. Sectionalism
2. Slavery
3. Westward expansion
4. States’ Rights
What is What were the long-term causes of the American Civil War?
Northerners who came to the south. Poor whites who came to exploit the south. They fit all of their belongings in a few bags of carpet.
What are Carpetbaggers?
1) They Organized and came together to try to solve problems.
2) Grange Movement
3) Granger Laws
4) Farmer's Alliances
5) Became politically active with the "Populist Party"
6) "Cross of Gold Speech"
What did the farmer's do to address their economic problems?
He invented the oil-drip cups for trains.
Who is Elijah McCoy?
1) Low Wages
2) Long Hours
3) Unpleasant or dangerous working conditions
4) Child Labor
5) Periodic Unemployment
6) Lack of Opportunity for advancement
7) Unpleasant Living Conditions
What is What problems did workers face?
This was issued by Lincoln in September, 1862. It freed all slaves in states still in rebellion on January 1, 1863.
What is the Emancipation Proclamation
Laws the limited the Civil Rights of newly freed slaves; these were passed by southern states after the Civil War.
What are Black Codes?
Low crop prices because of overproduction, high railroad shipping costs, high storage fees for their crops (grain) and high-interest bank loans.
What are the Farmers economic problems?
They could issue shares of stock, elect a Board of Directors who could hire a General Manager who could hire employees.
What is Corporation?
1) Higher Pay
2) An 8 hour workday
3) Better Conditions in the workplace
4) a "Closed Shop".
What is What were the goals of the American Federation of Labor
The North’s strategy for winning the war. It used naval power to blockade the South and divide Southern states along the Mississippi River.
What is the Anaconda Plan
Defined Citizenship and included “equal protection of the laws”
What is the 14th amendment?
1862 - Provided free land in the West to anyone willing to settle there and develop it. Encouraged westward migration.
What is the Homestead Act?
A way to manufacture steel quickly and cheaply by blasting hot air through melted iron to quickly remove impurities.
What is the Bessemer Process?
in Chicago, Pullman cut wages but refused to lower rents in the "company town", Eugene Debs had American Railway Union refuse to use Pullman cars, Debs thrown in jail after being sued, strike achieved nothing.
What is the Pullman Strike?
The turning point of the war. Lee suffered heavy casualties in his failed attempt to invade the North and never invaded the North again.
What is the Battle of Gettysburg 1863
Former slaves had to show that they had work for the current year. This forced many to work on plantations (farms). Former slaves could not work, serve on juries, hold office, or serve in the state Militia.
What are Examples of Black Codes?
1887 law passed to regulate railroad and other interstate businesses.
What is the Interstate Commerce Act
It began in Great Britain in the 1780s. There were plenty of resources and a large labor supply. Steam power, mass production and a factory system were all used.
What is the First Industrial Revolution?
1886 labor-related protest in Chicago which ended in deadly violence. As a result , unions became associated with violence.
What is the Haymarket Riot?
1. The Union was preserved
2. Slavery was abolished
3. Power of the Federal Government was Strengthened
4. Large loss of life and destruction of property.
What are the Consequences of the Civil War?
The landowner provided a cabin, a mule, tools and a plot of land to former slaves in exchange for a large share of the crops.
What is Sharecropping?
Wanted government to own and run the railroads
* Free and unlimited coinage of silver
• Income tax
• 8 hour workday
• Direct election of senators
• Create a government that was responsive to the workers, not just bosses
* Secret Ballot
What are the Goals of the Populist Party?
Steamships and railroads were the major transportation developments of the 19th century. The transcontinental railroad was built in 1869. By 1893, four additional transcontinental lines were built. Railroads connected raw materials to factories and factories to consumers across the nation.
What is the Spread of Railroads?
The belief that humans compete for survival and only those who are naturally superior (the fittest) will meet with the greatest success and survive.
What is Social Darwinism?