Memory / Storage
Define what is meant by 'secondary storage'.
Non-volatile storage of data/files
Define 'phishing'
E-mail has a link that when clicked directs the user to a fake website that collects personal data
Describe with an example, the purpose of 'system information utilities'
Displays data about the current state of the computer. e.g. temp, network speed, amount processor being used
Doesn't prevent program from running
Doesn't give the expected output
Name 3 types of secondary storage and 2 examples for each
Magnetic - tape, HDD
Optical - CD, DVD, Blu-Ray
Solid State/flash - SSD, Memory card, USB drive
Person being the weak point of the system - e.g. deception // people not keeping their passwords strong/secure
What is meant by a 'diagnosis utility'?
Attempts to resolve items that are not working at that time as they should - missing drivers or network connection
Define 'syntax error'
Prevents the code from being run - code does not meet the rules of the language
State 6 characteristics of secondary storage you might consider when choosing a secondary storage device.
Capacity
Speed
Portability
Durability
Reliability
Cost
Name 3 network threats
DOS
Brute force
Phishing
Data interception/theft
People as the 'weak point'
Poor network policy
SQL injection
Give 2 functions that an OS can do
Manages resources such as memory
Manages peripherals
Allows software to run (platform for it)
Interface
Define 'run time error'
Program can run, but an error occurs during the running of the program - for example, dividing a number by 0
Which secondary storage type would be best suited for daily back-ups in a school? Why?
Magnetic
Capacity
Speed
Portability - doesn't need to be moved
Fairly reliable
Cost
Explain how a 'denial of service attack' differs from a 'brute force attack'.
Denial of service - lots of requests made to the server - to many for it to handle, which prevent legitimate requests being processed to access the system
Brute force - attempts to access the system by systematically working through various combinations until the correct one has been entered
In my business I take orders from my customers. I notice that the system is running slowly. One of my technicians suggested defragmenting the drive.
How did it become fragmented in the first place?
As orders have been made they are saved to the device and deleted once they have been processed.
When another order comes in, new files are created which may be bigger than the space left by the deleted files
The order files are split up
Which error is occurring in this snippet of code?
num = input("Enter number ")
num = input("Enter another number ")
total = num + num
Logic
Explain how magnetic, solid state and optical differ.
Magnetic - moving parts, ideal for capacity, cost
Solid state - no moving parts - switches, portable, durable
Optical - CD, durable, cost
If my business holds hundreds of customer details on its computer network. Apart from strong passwords, what measures can I take to protect the data on the system?
Include a point and link it to the context.
Firewall - preventing unauthorised access
Anti-malware - removes viruses from infecting the system
Encryption - any intercepted data is rendered useless as hacker will have cipher text, not plaintext
Network policies - rules that govern acceptable use of those that use the system.
Define 'open source software'
Source code is distributed with the software
Cx can modify the source code
Cx can redistribute the source code (with same licence/restrictions)
How are 'input validation' and 'input sanitisation' similar and how do they differ?
sanitisation - validation technique - cleans up the data entered so it is ready for the application to use