Prokaryotes
Which of the following are found in Prokaryotes?
I. Nucleoid
II. DNA
III. Mitochondria
IV. Cytosol
V. Enzymes
a. I and II
b III, IV, and V
c. I and IV
d. I, II, IV and V
d. I, II, IV and V
Testudinella patina is a microscopic organism that lives in freshwater ponds and is characterized by a crown of cilia at the anterior end. This organism is a member of the phylum
a. Rotifera
b. Mollusca
c. Platyhelminthes
d. Cnidaria
a. Rotifera
A mitochondria found in a plant cell is the result of:
a. primary endosymbiosis of a proteobacterium
b. primary endosymbiosis of a cyanobacterium
c. secondary endosymbiosis of a red algae
d. primary endosymbiosis of a green algae
a. primary endosymbiosis of a proteobacterium
Which of the following is NOT a function of the shoot system?
a. photosynthesis
b. support leaves
c. attracts pollinators
d. starch storage
d. starch storage
What is the term for a type of fungus that forms a mutualistic association with plant roots?
a. Mycosis
b. Ascomycetes
c. Zygosporangium
d. Mycorrhizae
d. Mycorrhizae
During bacterial conjugation, a donor cell extends a pilus that attaches to a recipient cell. What is the next step in the process?
a. A single strand of the plasmid enters the recipient cell
b. The bacterial chromosome is transferred into the recipient
c. A phage is transferred from the host to the recipient
d. Plasmid leaves donor - donor becomes f-
a. A single strand of the plasmid enters the recipient cell
Which of the following is a derived characteristic of members of the Phylum Cnideria?
a. triploblastic
b. mesoderm
c. choanocytes
d. cnidocytes
d. cnidocytes
Which of the following structures represent ancestral traits of eukaryotic cells?
I. Plasma membrane
II. Cell wall
III. Endomembrane system
IV. Cytoskeleton
a. I and III
b. II and IV
c. III and IV
d. I and II
d. I and II
Which of the following derived traits are shared by angiosperms and gymnosperms?
I. Seeds
II. Fruits
III. Flower
IV. Heterospory
V. Dependent gametophyte
a. I, IV, and V
b. II and IV
c. II and V
d. IV and V
a. I, IV, and V
Identify which of the following pairs of traits are derived for opisthokonts.
a. unicellular, flagellated
b. multicellular, flagellated
c. unicellular, no flagellum
d. multicellular, no flagellum
a. unicellular, flagellated
Identify which of the following is a process of genetic recombination that involves the uptake of foreign DNA from a prokaryotic cell’s surroundings
a. conjugation
b. transduction
c. transcription
d. transformation
d. transformation
Compare and contrast animal clades. Which of the following combinations of clade and description are true for ALL members of the clade?
I. Bilateria - mesoderm present
II. Amniotes – lay hard shelled eggs
III. Deuterostomes – aquatic
IV. Chordata – nerve chord
V. Tetrapods – pelvic girdle
a. I and II
b. II, III and IV
c. III, IV and V
d. I, IV and V
d. I, IV and V
Which of the following statements describes an incidence of secondary endosymbiosis?
a. mitochondria are obligate mutualistic symbiotes
b. a plant’s chloroplast descended from cyanobacteria
c. plastids derived from red algae in the SAR clade
d. modern plants descend from a type of green algae
c. plastids derived from red algae in the SAR clade
Which of the following traits/events occurred in the evolutionary history of Angiosperms?
I. Primary endosymbiosis of a mitochondrion
II. Cell walls evolved rings of microfibrals
III. Secondary endosymbiosis of a mitochondrion
IV. Development of tissues
V. External digestion using hydrolases
a. I, II
b. I, II, & IV
c. I, II, III, & IV
d. II, III, IV, & V
b. I, II, & IV
Which of the following are ancestral traits of fungi?
I. Chitinous cell wall
II. Absorptive heterotrophy
III. Mitochondria
IV. Eukaryotic flagellum
a. II, III, and IV
b. I and II
c. III and IV
d. I, II, and III
c. III and IV
Which of the following describe transformation, transduction, and conjugation?
I. Occur in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
II. Involves a phage
III. Leads to genetic recombination
IV. Increases the rate of mutation
V. Leads to genetic variation in prokaryotes
a. I, III, and IV
b. II and IV
c. III, IV, and V
d. III and V
d. III and V
You are reviewing a phylogenic tree of vertebrates, and want to arrange the following animals according to their accepted sequence of evolution.
I. birds
II. lobe-fins
III. hagfishes
IV. amphibians
V. sharks
The CORRECT order for this evolutionary sequence would be:
a. V, III, I, II ,IV
b. III, I, II, IV, V
c. II, V, I, IV, III
d. III, V, II ,IV, I
d. III, V, II ,IV, I
Place the following steps in eukaryotic cell evolution in the CORRECT order in which they occurred.
I. Cyanobacteria engulfed, becomes chloroplast.
II. Nucleus evolves.
III. Secondary endosymbiosis.
IV. Proteobacteria engulfed, becomes mitochondria.
V. Prokaryotic cells appear
a. V ➔ IV ➔ I ➔ II ➔ III
b. V ➔ II ➔ IV ➔ I ➔ III
c. V ➔ II ➔ I ➔ IV ➔ III
d. V ➔ I ➔ II ➔ IV ➔ III
b. V ➔ II ➔ IV ➔ I ➔ III
Place the following stages and processes in the gymnosperm life cycle in the correct order, starting with the mature sporophyte generation.
I. seed forms
II. pollen grain develops
III. sporangia produces spores
IV. fertilization
V. germination
a. I ➔ V ➔ III ➔ II ➔ IV
b. III ➔ II ➔ V ➔ IV ➔ I
c. V ➔ IV ➔ II ➔ III ➔ I
d. III ➔ IV ➔ II ➔ V ➔ I
b. III ➔ II ➔ V ➔ IV ➔ I
The fungus Penicillum produces a compound that blocks the production of peptidoglycan. Why does the fungus produce this compound?
a. Fungi obtain many of their nutrients from bacteria
b. Both the fungus and the bacteria are decomposers, they are competing for resources.
c. Fungi are releasing hydrolyases that break down bacteria
d. The fungus produces this compound as part of sexual signaling prior to plasmogamy.
b. Both the fungus and the bacteria are decomposers, they are competing for resources.
Scientists have discovered an organism that lacks both a nuclear membrane and peptidoglycan. Which of the following statements would most likely also describe this organism?
a. It is a virus
b. It has a cell wall comprised of chitin
c. It can survive in extreme environments
d. It has primitive membrane-bound organelles
c. It can survive in extreme environments
The Hemichordata are a Phylum in the Kingdom Animalia classified in both the clade Bilateria and the clade Deuterostomia. Which of the following must be true of the Hemichordata?
I. gastrulation results in three germ tissue layers
II. they are radially symmetrical
III. they are diploblastic
IV. they share a common ancestor with Phylum Porifera
a. II only
b. II & III
c. III & IV
d. I & IV
d. I & IV
Which of the following is/are shared derived traits associated with Archaeplastida?
I. Nuclear envelope
II. Organelles resulting from primary endosymbiosis of cyanobacteria
III. Multicellularity
IV. Organelles resulting from primary endosymbiosis of proteobacteria
V. Organelles resulting from secondary endosymbiosis
a. II and IV
b. I, II, and IV
c. II only
d. III, IV, and V
c. II only
Put the following steps in the MECHANISM of water transport through vascular plants in the correct order.
I. Negative pressure moves water into mesophyll
II. Cohesion pulls water into to leaf xylem
III. Water enters roots
IV. Cohesion pulls water into stem xylem
V. Water exits through stomata
a. III ➔ IV ➔ II ➔ I ➔ V
b. V ➔ II ➔ I ➔ IV ➔ III
c. V ➔ I ➔ II ➔ IV ➔ III
d. V ➔ IV ➔ II ➔ I ➔ III
c. V ➔ I ➔ II ➔ IV ➔ III
You find an organism growing in your yard and decide to identify it using your knowledge from General Biology. You determine that it is a type of Ascomycetes fungi. Which of the following characteristics are likely found in your fungus?
I. chitinous cell wall
II. possesses chloroplasts
III. haploid spores
IV. multicellular diploid stage
V. mostly diploid lifecycle
a. IV and V
b. I, II and V
c. I and III
d. I, II, and III
c. I and III