Ch 6
What is the strongest intermolecular force?
hydrogen bonding
What happens during an exothermic reaction? Draw an example.
The chemical reaction releases energy
According to the kinetic molecular theory, how does the temperature of a gas affect the speed of its particles?
The kinetic molecular theory states that the average kinetic energy of gas particles is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas in kelvins. As the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the particles also increases, causing the particles to move faster. Conversely, at lower temperatures, the particles move more slowly.
What is the bond angle of a molecule with trigonal planar electron group geometry?
120 degrees
The combustion of butane reacts with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide and water:
2C4H10+13O2→8CO2+10H2O
If 88.0 g of CO2 is produced, how many grams of O2 were consumed in the reaction?
104.0 g O2
A 3.0 L sample of a gas is kept at 300 K under 1.5 atm of pressure and consists of 0.25 moles. What will the volume of this gas be if the temperature is increased to 600 K and the pressure is raised to 4.0 atm?
2.25 L
What is the strongest type of intermolecular forces present between molecules of liquid CO₂?
dispersion forces
Methane (CH₄) is a common fuel. If you have 2.50 moles of CH₄, how many total atoms of H are present in the sample?
6.04 × 10²⁴ hydrogen atoms
A sample of ammonia gas (NH3) has a pressure of 850 mmHg and occupies a volume of 250 mL at a temperature of 310 K. How many moles of ammonia gas are present in the sample?
0.0110 moles
Which molecule is predicted to have the highest boiling point?
A) CO₂
B) CH₄
C) NH₃
D) H₂O
E) H₂S
D) H2O
If 5.00 g of C2H4 (ethylene) and 12.00 g of O2 are the initial reactants, how many moles of carbon dioxide can be produced, and what is the limiting reactant?
The balanced equation for the reaction is:
C2H4+3O2→2CO2+2H2O
A gas mixture contains 5.0% hydrogen (H2), 70.0% oxygen (O2), and 25.0% nitrogen (N2) by volume. The total pressure of the mixture is 1.8 atm.
What is the partial pressure of each gas in the mixture?
What is the electron group geometry and molecular shape of NH₃, and is it predicted to be polar or nonpolar?
NH3 is tetrahedral with a trigonal pyramidal shape
It is a polar molecule
A chemist is performing the reaction between nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas to produce ammonia. They start with 10.0 g of N2 and 5.0 g of H2. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
N2+3H2→2NH3
Under standard conditions, a chemist collects 44.8 liters of carbon dioxide gas (CO2) produced from the reaction of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) with hydrochloric acid (HCl) according to the reaction:
CaCO3+2 HCl→CaCl2+CO2+H2O
How many moles of CO2 gas are produced at STP?