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Combined gas law
Electrolytes and solubility
Properties of Solutions
100

What type of classification best characterizes the following reaction?

2HBr (g) → H2 (g) + Br2 (g)

A) combination reaction

B) combustion reaction

C) decomposition reaction

D) single replacement reaction

E) none of the above

C) decomposition reaction.

100

MATCH

A) Boyle's Law
B) Charles' Law
C) Avogadro's Law

  1. The volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when pressure and the number of gas particles are constant.
  2. The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure when temperature and the number of gas particles are constant.
  3. The volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas when pressure and temperature are constant.

1. The volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when pressure and the number of gas particles are constant.

Answer: B) Charles' Law

2. The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure when temperature and the number of gas particles are constant.

Answer: A) Boyle's Law

3. The volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas when pressure and temperature are constant.

Answer: C) Avogadro's Law

100

NaCl can be classified as a ________.

A) gas

B) liquid

C) weak electrolyte

D) strong electrolyte

E) nonelectrolyte

D) strong electrolyte

100

Identify each as a solution, colloid, or suspension. 

Mixture A: The liquid is clear, and even when you shine a flashlight through it, you can’t see any particles.

Mixture B: The liquid looks cloudy, and when you shine a flashlight through it, you can see the light scattering as it passes through.

Mixture C: There are visible solid particles floating in the liquid, and when left undisturbed for a few minutes, these particles settle to the bottom.


A- Solution (are transparent, does not separate through filtering) 

B- Colloids (have medium-sized particles and can only be separated by semipermeable membrane , but still not clear) 

C- Suspension (have large particles and must be stirred to stay suspended) 

200

A gas mixture contains O2 and Ne. If O2 has a partial pressure of 766 torr and Ne has a partial pressure of 0.88 atm, what is the total pressure of this mixture in atm?

A) 767 atm

B) 563 atm

C) 1.00 atm

D) 1.48 atm

E) 1.89 atm

E) 1.89 atm

200

Which of the following is not a property predicted based on the Kinetic Molecular Theory?

A) It explains the low density of gases in comparison to solids and liquids.

B) It predicts a gasʹs tendency to assume the shape and volume of the container.

C) It explains why gases are compressible.

D) It predicts a gasʹs tendency to have high melting and boiling points.

E) It explains how the molecules slow down as temperature is decreased.

D) It predicts a gasʹs tendency to have high melting and boiling points.

200

Methanol, CH3OH, can be classified as a ________.

A) gas

B) solid

C) weak electrolyte

D) strong electrolyte

E) nonelectrolyte


E) nonelectrolyte

200

You have a U-shaped tube with a semipermeable membrane in the middle. On the left side, you place a 5% salt (NaCl) solution, and on the right side, you place a 1% salt solution. The membrane only allows water to pass through, not salt.

  1. In which direction will water move through the membrane, and why?
  2. What will happen to the water levels on each side of the tube over time?

1. Water will move from the right side (1% salt solution) to the left side (5% salt solution). This happens because osmosis is the movement of water from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration to balance out concentrations on both sides.

2. Over time, the water level on the left side will rise, and the water level on the right side will decrease. This is due to the movement of water towards the higher concentration of salt on the left side.

300

Which of the statements below best describes Ni (s) in the following reaction?

Ni (s) → Ni2+ (aq) + 2e-

A) Ni (s) is oxidized

B) Ni (s) is neither oxidized nor reduced

C) Ni (s) is both oxidized and reduced

D) Ni (s) is reduced

A) Ni (s) is oxidized

300

If the pressure of a constant amount of gas at constant temperature is increased by threefold, what happens to its volume?

A) The volume increases by six-fold.

B) The volume will not change.

C) The volume triples.

D) The volume increases by nine-fold.

E) The volume is one-third of the original volume.

E) The volume is one-third of the original volume.

300

The solubility of KI is 50 g in 100 g of H2O at 20 °C. If 110 grams of KI are added to 200 grams of H2O,

A) all of the KI will dissolve.

B) the solution will freeze.

C) the solution will start boiling.

D) a saturated solution will form.

E) the solution will be unsaturated.

D) a saturated solution will form.

300

Imagine you have a red blood cell placed in three different beakers, each containing a different type of solution:

  • Beaker A: Contains an isotonic solution relative to the red blood cell.
  • Beaker B: Contains a hypotonic solution relative to the red blood cell.
  • Beaker C: Contains a hypertonic solution relative to the red blood cell.
  1. Describe what will happen to the red blood cell in each beaker and explain why.
  2. In which solution(s) will water move into the red blood cell?
  3. In which solution(s) will water move out of the red blood cell?

1. In Beaker A (isotonic solution), the red blood cell will remain the same size because there is no net movement of water—water moves in and out of the cell at the same rate.

In Beaker B (hypotonic solution), the red blood cell will swell and possibly burst (lyse) because water will move into the cell due to the lower solute concentration outside the cell.

In Beaker C (hypertonic solution), the red blood cell will shrink (crenate) because water will move out of the cell into the higher solute concentration outside.

2. Water will move into the red blood cell in Beaker B (hypotonic solution).

3. Water will move out of the red blood cell in Beaker C (hypertonic solution).

400

What volume (mL) of a 10.5 M solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) must be diluted to prepare a 200. mL solution of 1.75 M sodium hydroxide ?

A) 101 mL

B) 1200 mL

C) 33.3 mL

D) 56.9 mL

E) 0.0919 mL

C) 33.3 mL

400

A quantity of Ne gas that was originally held at 3.80 atm pressure in a 1.00 L container at 26.0

°C is transferred to a 10.0 L container at 20.0 °C. What is the pressure (in atm) of Ne in the

new container ?

A) 0.372 atm

B) 3.80 atm

C) 1.35 atm

D) 0.292 atm

E) 5.56 atm

A) 0.372 atm

400

Which compound below becomes a strong electrolyte when dissolved in water?

A) C12H22O11 (sucrose)

B) SCl6

C) CH3CH2OH

D) KOH           

E) Cl2

D) KOH           

400

Which of the following aqueous solutions will have the highest osmotic pressure?

A. 0.1 M C2H5OH (ethanol)
B. 0.1 M MgCl2
C. 0.1 M Na3PO4
D. 0.1 M KCl

C) 0.1 M Na3PO4


500

According to the reaction given below, how many grams of solid Fe(OH)2 is formed when 175 mL of 2.27 M aqueous LiOH reacts with excess aqueous FeCl2? (Note: Molar Mass of Fe(OH)2 is 89.859 g/mol)

FeCl2(aq) + 2 LiOH(aq) → Fe(OH)2(s) + 2 LiCl(aq)

A) 34.7 g

B) 35.7 g

C) 17.8 g

D) 51.0 g

E) 25.5 g

C) 17.8 g

500

A gas exerts a pressure of 685 mmHg and has a temperature of 245 K. What is the new

pressure of this gas, in mmHg, if the temperature is increased to 655 K? Volume and the

amount of the gas stay constant.

A) 933 mmHg

B) 556 mmHg

C) 256 mmHg

D) 1830 mmHg

E) 442 mmHg

D) 1830 mmHg

500

Which pair of compounds will form a solution?

A) Na2SO4 and benzene (C6H6)

B) H2O and CCl4

C) Benzene (C6H6) and hexane (C6H14)

D) NaCl and hexane (C6H14)

E) More than one of the combinations will form solutions.

C) Benzene (C₆H₆) and hexane (C₆H₁₄)