Older Adult Epidemiology
In general, prevalence rates of gambling disorder across the lifespan:
A) Increase with age.
B) Remain stable.
C) Decrease as age increases.
D) Peak in late adulthood.
C) Decrease as age increases.
Which factor is a major trigger for gambling problems in older adults?
A) Sensation seeking.
B) Peer competition.
C) Social isolation and role loss.
D) Academic stress.
C) Social isolation and role loss.
Lower socioeconomic status in older adults is associated with:
A) Less frequent gambling.
B) Lower gambling risk.
C) Higher risk of gambling disorder.
D) No effect.
C) Higher risk of gambling disorder.
Men with gambling disorder typically:
A) Begin gambling later than women.
B) Begin gambling earlier than women.
C) Have no onset differences.
D) Begin after mood disorders.
B) Begin gambling earlier than women.
Men with gambling disorder are more likely than women to have comorbid:
A) Mood disorders.
B) Anxiety disorders.
C) Alcohol use disorders.
D) Personality disorders.
C) Alcohol use disorders.
Lifetime prevalence rates of gambling disorder among older adults range approximately between:
A) 0.1%–1%.
B) 0.01%–10.6%.
C) 5%–15%.
D) 10%–25%.
B) 0.01%–10.6%.
Declines in which cognitive domain are most strongly associated with gambling risk in older adults?
A) Memory.
B) Language.
C) Executive functioning.
D) Visual processing.
C) Executive functioning.
Older adults earning less than which annual income show increased gambling risk?
A) $10,000.
B) $15,000.
C) $20,000.
D) $30,000.
C) $20,000.
The “telescoping effect” refers to:
A) Slower addiction progression in women.
B) Faster progression from gambling initiation to problem recognition in women.
C) Faster progression in men.
D) Delayed onset in women.
B) Faster progression from gambling initiation to problem recognition in women.
Higher suicide attempt rates among women with gambling disorder are most closely linked to:
A) Financial debt.
B) Legal problems.
C) Comorbid mood disorders.
D) Gambling severity.
C) Comorbid mood disorders.
Higher prevalence rates among older adults are most commonly found in:
A) Women and the oldest age group.
B) Men and younger subgroups of older adults.
C) Women only.
D) Rural populations only.
B) Men and younger subgroups of older adults.
Why may gambling be more reinforcing for older adults neurobiologically?
A) Higher dopamine levels.
B) Lower dopamine levels enhancing reinforcement.
C) Reduced reward sensitivity.
D) Increased serotonin activity.
B) Lower dopamine levels enhancing reinforcement.
Which groups in the U.S. show increased risk for gambling disorder among older adults?
A) White males.
B) Asian Americans.
C) Black and Native American groups.
D) Immigrant populations.
C) Black and Native American groups.
Women with a gambling disorder are more likely than men to gamble:
A) For excitement.
B) Independent of mood.
C) To escape negative emotions.
D) For competition.
C) To escape negative emotions.
Evidence regarding gender differences in legal problems from gambling is best described as:
A) Strong and consistent.
B) Strong for men only.
C) Inconsistent.
D) Absent.
C) Inconsistent.
Why do gambling losses tend to be more harmful for older adults than younger adults?
A) Older adults gamble more money.
B) Older adults gamble more frequently.
C) Older adults have less ability to recover financially.
D) Older adults face greater legal consequences.
C) Older adults have less ability to recover financially.
Use of dopamine agonists is particularly associated with gambling problems in older adults with:
A) Depression.
B) Stroke.
C) Parkinson’s disease.
D) Alzheimer’s disease.
C) Parkinson’s disease.
Among older adults, problem gambling is associated with:
A) Improved health.
B) Reduced heart disease risk.
C) Reduced general health and social functioning.
D) No psychiatric comorbidity.
C) Reduced general health and social functioning.
In women, gambling problems typically develop:
A) Before anxiety or depression.
B) After anxiety, depression, or substance problems.
C) Concurrently with adolescence.
D) Independent of emotional symptoms.
B) After anxiety, depression, or substance problems.
Approximately what proportion of both men and women with gambling disorder have filed for bankruptcy?
A) 5%.
B) 10%.
C) 25%.
D) 50%.
C) 25%.
Which financial resource is older adults most likely to use to fund gambling?
A) Employment income.
B) Payday loans.
C) Savings, investments, and annuities.
D) Employer credit.
C) Savings, investments, and annuities.
Which gambling format is preferred by older adults and linked to faster addiction progression?
A) Sports betting.
B) Poker.
C) EGMs/slots/bingo.
D) Skill-based table games.
C) EGMs/slots/bingo.
Which statement best describes recreational gambling among older adults?
A) Rare and harmful.
B) Usually associated with negative outcomes.
C) May have social, health, cognitive and sensory benefits.
D) Strongly linked to addiction.
C) May have social, health, cognitive and sensory benefits.
In men, depression and suicidal events most often:
A) Precede gambling problems.
B) Develop after gambling problems.
C) Are unrelated to gambling.
D) Occur only in treatment samples.
B) Develop after gambling problems.
Which treatment goal difference is most commonly reported between genders?
A) Women prefer moderation; men prefer abstinence.
B) Women prefer abstinence; men prefer moderation.
C) Both prefer moderation.
D) Both prefer abstinence.
B) Women prefer abstinence; men prefer moderation.