Gender Inequality in Political Rep.
This group of lawmakers is more likely to prioritize education, childcare, family law, and women's rights.
This barrier involves male-dominated political parties controlling nominations and funding, making it harder for women to run.
What are structural (or institutional) barriers?
This European Union leader became the 1st female President of the European Commission and promotes gender equality across member states.
Who is Ursula von der Leyen?
This country has the highest female representation in the world, with women holding over 60% of parliamentary seats.
What is Rwanda?
This type of quota requires political parties to include a certain percentage of women on their candidate lists.
What are legislated candidate quotas?
This term describes how differences in political views between men and women can shape policy outcomes.
What is the political gender gap?
This type of barrier stems from the belief that politics is a male-dominated field, discouraging women from entering and affecting voter support.
What are social norms?
This U.S leader made history as the 1st female Vice President and is known for advocating for women's and reproductive rights.
Who is Kamala Harris?
This tragic historical event led to political reforms in Rwanda that intentionally increased women’s participation in leadership.
What is the Rwandan Genocide?
This quota system sets aside a specific number of legislative seats that can only be filled by women.
What are reserved seats?
This type of quota is set internally by political parties to increase women's participation.
What are voluntary party quotas?
These barriers include challenges like balancing family responsibilities, sacrificing personal time, and dealing with online harassment.
What are practical constraints?
This African leader became her country's first female president, marking a milestone for women's leadership in Tanzania.
Who is Samia Suluhu Hassan?
This type of reform involves rebuilding government institutions after conflict, often with greater inclusion of women.
What is post-conflict political reform?
These two types of electoral systems are often compared when discussing how to improve women’s political representation.
What are majoritarian and proportional systems?
Increasing women's representation in government can shift this.
What is perception of women in leadership?
These are considered the ‘big three’ obstacles that limit women’s participation in politics.
What are structural barriers, social norms, and practical constraints?
This Mexican president is the 1st women to hold the office, with her election reflecting the impact of gender parity laws.
This political scientist argues that gender quotas are one of the most effective tools for increasing women’s representation.
Who is Drude Dahlerup?
This reform addresses the issue that women have traditionally had less access to campaign money.
What is financing reform?
Before 1980 these were rare, but by 2010 about 50 nations had adopted them to increase women's political representation.
What are gender quota laws?
This barrier is demonstrated when a woman hesitates to run for office due to childcare responsibilities or work-life balance concerns.
What are practical constraints?
These 2 leaders made history as the 1st women to hold executive office in their respective countries in North America.
Who are Kamala Harris and Claudia Sheinbaum?
This theory suggests that institutional tools like quotas can significantly increase women’s political participation.
What is gender quota theory (as argued by Drude Dahlerup)?
This specific financial reform ensures campaign funds are distributed fairly between male and female candidates.
What is equitable distribution of campaign funds?