Overview and RNA
A segment of DNA on a chromosome holds the code or "recipe" for a protein
What is a gene
The place where transcription takes place.
What is the nucleus.
The process of reading RNA to build a chain of amino acids is called ____________.
What is translation.
A nucleotide/codon is added to change the normal sequence of DNA.
What is addition.
Codes for an early stop codon.
What is a nonsense mutation
What are the two processes that occur during Protein Synthesis?
What are transcription and translation.
Every set of 3 mRNA nucleotides, called a _______, correlates to 1 amino acid.
What is a codon.
Translation takes place on a _________ found in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough ER.
What is a ribosome.
A nucleotide/codon is replaced/switched from the normal sequence of DNA.
What is substitution.
mutation in the DNA that does not affect the Amino Acid
What is a Silent mutation
DNA --> RNA --> ? -->
What is amino acids / protein
What is the destination of the mRNA after moving out of the Nucleus?
What is the ribosome.
_________ attaches to each codon on the mRNA strand. Then another _____ molecule attaches to the next codon, and the amino acids join.
What is tRNA.
All codons are shifted
What is a frameshift mutation.
What is a missense mutation.
Name 4 unique features of DNA.
What is 1 strand, made of deoxyribose sugar, consists of A, T, G, and C, is found in the nucleus and made via replication.
AUG is an important codon for this reason.
What is it is the start codon?
The tRNA anticodon for this mRNA codon: CUA
What is GAU.
original: CATCATCATCATCATCAT mutated: CATCATCATCTCATCAT
What is a deletion mutation.
When paired chromosomes fail to separate correctly during meiosis.
What is nondisjunction.
Name 4 unique features of RNA.
What is made of 1 strand, a ribonucleic acid, consists of A, U, G, C, found in the nucleus and cytoplasm, and made via transcription.
Divide this strand into codons: AUGCUAGCGGAUGCCAUUGCGUAAUAGCG
What is 9 codons; AUG CUA GCG GAU GCC AUU GCG UAA UAG
The amino acid that belongs to this mRNA codon: GCU
What is Alanine.
original: CATCATCATCATCATCATCAT mutated: CATCATCATCATACATCATCATCA
What is insertion/frameshift mutation.
What type of mutation could change the gene sequence without adding or removing DNA segments?
What is inversion.