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Overview & RNA
Transcription
Translation
Enzymes (extra credit)
Mixed Questions
100
A segment of DNA on a chromosome holds the code or "recipe" for a protein
What is a gene
100

The process of transcription serves to create this molecule from a DNA template strand.

What is mRNA

100
The process of reading RNA to build a chain of amino acids is called ____________.
What is translation.
100
The reactants in a enzyme related reaction.
What is a substrate.
100

Transcription, and by extension, gene expression, occurs during this phase in the cell cycle.

What is interphase.

200
DNA --> RNA --> ? -->
What is amino acids / protein
200
Every set of 3 mRNA nucleotides, called a _______, correlates to 1 amino acid.
What is a codon.
200
Translation takes place on a _________ found in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough ER.
What is a ribosome.
200
The enzyme catalase helped break down what substance?
What is hydrogen peroxide.
200

This type of RNA "carries" target amino acids to the binding sites.

What is tRNA or transfer RNA.

300
The three types of traits.
What is behavioral, physical, and physiological.
300
Place where transcription takes place.
What is the nucleus.
300
_________ attaches to each codon on the mRNA strand. Then another _____ molecule attaches to the next codon, and the amino acids join.
What is tRNA.
300
Without an enzyme you would need MORE or LESS activation energy to make a chemical reaction move forward.
What is MORE. An enzyme decreases the activation energy needed for a reaction to occur.
300

DNA replicates by way of ___________ replication.

What is semiconservative

400
Name 4 unique features of DNA.
What is 1 strand, made of deoxyribose sugar, consists of A, T, G, and C, is found in the nucleus and made via replication.
400
AUG is an important codon for this reason.
What is it is the start codon?
400
The tRNA anticodon for this mRNA codon: CUA
What is GAU.
400
In the lock and key mechanism of enzymes, what is the lock and key?
What is the key = substrate, and the lock = active site.
400

The AUG codon translates to what amino acid?

What is methionine.

500
Name 4 unique features of RNA.
What is made of 1 strand, a ribonucleic acid, consists of A, U, G, C, found in the nucleus and cytoplasm, and made via transcription.
500
Divide this strand into codons: AUGCUAGCGGAUGCCAUUGCGUAAUAGCG
What is AUG CUA GCG GAU GCC AUU GCG UAA UAG
500
The amino acid that belongs to this mRNA codon: GCU
What is Alanine.
500
An increase/decrease in pH, salinity, and temperature can change the active site of the protein and making it nonfunctional. What is this called?
What is denaturation.
500

List two of the three primary forms of RNA

What is messenger RNA (mRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA) (extra) and ribosomal RNA rRNA.