Process
What is the point of Gene Regulation?
To control which genes in a cell's DNA are expressed.
Why is Gene Regulation Important?
It allows for different types of genes to act differently depending on their structure and purpose in the body
What Is imprinting?
It is another process involved in eukaryotic gene regulation where it causes the silencing of one of the two alleles of a gene for a cell's entire lifespan
What is the first level of Gene Regulation?
Epigenetic
Does Gene Regulation only apply to Eukaryotic cells?
What is an operon?
It is the entire stretch of DNA that includes the operator, the promoter, and the genes that they control.
What is the second and third level of Gene Regulation?
Transcriptional and Post-Transcriptional
What would happen if Gene Regulation did not occur?
Many diseases would develop such as Cancer.
What does a repressor do?
The repressor blocks transcription as well as prevents gene transcription as it binds to the operator and blocks RNA polymerase.
What are the final 2 levels of Gene Regulation?
Translational and Post-Translational
How does Transcription occur in Gene Regulation?
By limiting the amount of mRNA that is produced from a particular gene and through post-transcriptional events that regulate the translation of mRNA into proteins.
What is a corepressor and what does it do?
A corepressor is a molecule that represses the expression of genes. It is a molecule that cooperates with a repressor protein to switch an operon off, essentially synthesizing them.
In a Eukaryotic Gene Regulation, what type of proteins are produced if the transcription factors are division-promoting genes and growth-promoting genes?
Proteins that drive Growth and Division in the body
How is Eukaryotic Gene Expression different from Prokaryotic Gene Expression?
In eukaryotic cells, gene expression is regulated at the epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels whereas the ladder is mainly regulated at the transcriptional level.
What causes gene regulation to have negative control and what causes it to have positive control?
A negative control is needed when needing to regulate the trp and lac operons because operons are switched off by the active form of the repressor. A positive control is needed when glucose is scarce.