General Review
What are the building blocks of life?
ATOMSS!!
True or False: An electron has more mass than a proton.
FALSE!
Where can you find the atomic number in an element box?
On the top of the symbol. (normally on the top left corner)
Dalton’s theory agreed with what Scientist that matter was made of atoms and could not be divided?
Democritus
Name the five scientists we have discussed.
Democritus, Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, & Bohr
Name three other names an electron cloud can be referred as.
Orbitals, Energy rings, and energy levels
Where are electrons found in an atom?
Outside the nucleus
T or F: The atomic number gives the amount of protons and neutrons in an element.
FALSE
What was discovered because of the Gold Foil Experiment?
The nucleus
What scientists named his model after an English dessert? For an extra point: can you name the dessert?
J.J. Thomson ; Plum Pudding
How many electrons fit in the first, second, and third orbitals?
2, 8, 8
What is the location of a proton vs the location of an electron (be specific).
A proton is found in the nucleus while an electron is found outside in the orbits.
Where is the mass located in an element box and what is the one rule for when we us it to find neutrons?
It is located at the bottom, under the element symbol. Rule: you must round up/down
According to Thompson how do objects with the same charge behave when they come close to one another?
They repel each other
What scientist compared his model to the solar system and why?
Niel Bohr → the sun was nucleus and the planets where the electrons
The ________ _________ gives the number of protons and ____________ in an atom.
Atomic number ; electrons
What are 2 similarities between protons and neutrons
They are in the atom; they are found inside the nucleus; they don’t have a negative charge; similar mass
What numbers are used to calculate the number of neutrons in an atom? Give equation.
Atomic number and Mass number. Equation: A.N. - M.N.
In the gold foil experiment how did Rutherford think the alpha particles would behave when they passed through the gold foil?
He thought they would go straight but they actually deflected (they went different way)!
What scientist first said that all matter was made of small particles called atoms that could not be divided?
Democritus
What model suggests that electrons and constantly moving and fill up the space around the nucleus (cloud)
Electron cloud model
An atom is made up of how many subatomic particles? Also, name them and their charges.
3 ; proton (+), neutron (no charge/neutral), and electron (-)
If an element has an atomic number of 18, mass number of 40, and has 18 electrons how many neutrons are in the atom?
22 neutrons
What is the difference between the electrons on the Bohr Model vs Electron Cloud Model?
Bohr Model: Electrons move with constant speed and orbit in fixed orbits ; Electrons Cloud Model: Electrons move around in less predictable ways and fill up space around the nucleus so they are not in fixed spaces.
Name the scientist that said all atoms of the same element have the same mass, and atoms of different elements have different masses.
Dalton