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Biology Hodgepodge
Biological Molecules
Genetics
DNA to RNA to Protein
More Biology Hodgepodge
100

The type of bond between the oxygen and hydrogen inside a water molecule (H-O-H).

What is a polar covalent bond?

100
The monomer of polysaccharides.
What are monosaccharides?
100
The genetic makeup of an individual.
What is genotype?
100

An RNA transcript of the genetic code in a gene is made by RNA polymerase in the nucleus of the cell.

What is transcription?

100
Atoms that have different numbers of neutrons.
What is an isotope?
200
The type of bond that can form between the oxygen of one water molecule and the hydrogen of another molecules because of the partial charges on the two molecules.
What is a hydrogen bond?
200

Different biological molecules are made up of polymers which are chains of monomers connected together through what reaction.

What is dehydration synthesis?

200

The genotype of an individual who is heterozygous for type A blood.

What is IAi?

200

The removal of introns and inclusion of specific exons from an RNA transcript.

What is RNA splicing?

200
They reduce the activation energy of a reaction by stabilizing reaction intermediates or destabilizing the reactants in a reaction.
What are enzymes?
300
This is a type of cellular transport work that requires the input of ATP.
What is active transport?
300

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide/protein chain.

What is the primary structure of a protein?

300

The chance that an offspring from two parents who are heterozygous for a gene (Cc x Cc) will have an offspring who has the recessive genotype/phenotype for the gene.

What is 1/4 of the offspring will have the recessive cc genotype and the resulting recessive phenotype?

300

One is single-stranded while the other is double-stranded.  One contains ribose and the other contains deoxyribose.

What are two differences between RNA and DNA?

300

This condition is what causes the diffusion of a substance from areas where it is more concentrated to areas where it is less concentrated.

What is having a concentration gradient?

400

This substitution mutation will result in a shortened protein that likely will not function.

What is a nonsense mutation or generally a mutation that introduces a premature STOP codon?

400
triglycerides, phosopholipids and cholesterol are all examples of this type of biological molecule.
What is a lipid?
400
An individual who is heterozygous for the alleles involved in a genetic disease.
What is a carrier?
400
Ribosomes and tRNA read a mRNA molecule and work together with other enzymes to make a protein molecule. This occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.
What is translation?
400

The alteration of a diseased person's genes for therapeutic purposes using a virus to deliver the therapeutic gene of interest to the affected cells.

What is gene therapy?

500

The adaptive immune response cell that is responsible for making antibodies (the humoral immune response).

What is a B lymphocyte (or B cell)?

500
The building block or monomer of nucleic acids?
What is a nucleotide?
500

A form of red-green color blindness is caused by a X-linked recessive allele. Two parents have normal vision and know that they will be having a daughter. The mother's father (soon to be grandpa) has red-green colorblindness. Determine the probability that the soon-to-be born daughter will have colorblindness.

What is zero?

500

Transcription factors, alternative RNA splicing, mRNA exit from nucleus, mRNA degradation, initiation of transcription, protein processing, protein transport, and protein degradation.

What are the methods by which eukaryotic gene expression is controlled?

500

Cell membranes are made up of a fluid bilayer of phospholipids mixed in with diverse proteins, cholesterol and attached carbohydrate chains.

What is the fluid mosaic model?