Essentials of Biology
The ability of humans to regulate our internal temperature is an example of which characteristic of life?
Homeostasis
What are the four types of macromolecules?
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
Which organelle contains the DNA in a eukaryotic cell?
Nucleus
Which type of metabolism involves the breakdown of molecules to produce energy?
Catabolism
DNA strands run in opposite directions, otherwise known as _.
Antiparallel
What are the three domains of life?
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
What is produced during a dehydration reaction?
Water
Are bacteria prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic
What is a biological catalyst called?
A gene whose expression can be masked by another gene is known as _.
Recessive
What two properties of water allow it to move upwards through a plant's xylem?
Adhesion and Cohesion
Which elements are found in carbohydrates?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
Which organelle is responsible for modifying certain proteins for transport out of the cell?
Golgi Apparatus
When a phosphorus atom is removed from ATP via hydrolysis, the resulting molecule is?
ADP
What are the two purine bases?
Adenine and Guanine
What are the six major elements of life?
What type of macromolecule are most enzymes classified as?
Protein
What is the main structural component of a plant cell wall?
Cellulose
Pepsin (an enzyme that is found in the stomach) has an ideal pH of approximately?
~2
DNA replicates according to the _ model.
Semiconservative
What is an emergent property?
A property that results only from the arrangement and interaction of multiple parts
Which nucleotide base only exists in DNA?
Thymine (T)
An environment that has a higher concentration of solutes than the cell is considered _.
Hypertonic
A noncompetitive inhibitor does not bind to the active site of an enzyme, but instead to the _.
Allosteric site
The noncoding parts of a gene that get removed through RNA splicing are known as _.
Introns