Acid/Base Theories
Conjugates
Strong
Weak
100
What is the Arrhenius theory?
- Acids produce hydrogen ions in solution
- Bases produce hydroxide ions in solution
100
What does it mean for a substance to be amphoteric? Name three compounds that are amphoteric.
A compound that can act as an acid and a base.
100
Name the six strong acids.
HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, HClO4, H2SO4
100
How do weak acids differ from strong acids?
Weak acids dissociate partially in solution, while strong acids dissociate completely in solution.
200
What is the Brønsted-Lowry theory?
– Acid is a proton donor
– Base is a proton acceptor
200
What are the conjugate bases of H3PO4, H2PO4-, HPO42-?
H2PO4-, HPO42-, and PO43-
200
Name the strong bases.
Group 1 hydroxides and Ca, Ba, Sr hydroxides.
200
A weak acid HA is diluted until the pH is 5.43. What is the concentration of H+?
3.72*10-6 M
300
What is the Lewis theory?
- Lewis acids accept an electron pair to form
coordinate covalent bonds
- Lewis bases donate lone pairs of electrons to
form coordinate covalent bonds
300
As acid strength increases, conjugate base strength ______.
decreases
300
What is [H+] of a 0.01 M solution of HClO4
0.01 M
300
A weak base is diluted until the pH is 9.22. What is the concentration of OH-?
1.66*10-5 M
400
Which theory best explains this acid?
Lewis theory
400
Conjugate acid of a base is obtained by:
Addition of a proton to the base.
400
What is the pH of a 1.34*10-4 M solution of HBr?
3.87
400
Hydrocyanic acid (HCN) has a Ka of 6.2*10-10. What is the pH of a 0.100 M solution of HCN?
5.10
500
Which theory best explains the behavior of this acid?
Bronsted theory
500
What are the conjugate pairs in this reaction:
and 
500
Is the Ka of a strong acid <1 or >1?
>1
500
What is the pH of a 0.300 M solution of aniline? (Kb = 3.8*10-10)
9.03