On one condition
Conditioning that occurs when a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response.
What is classical conditioning?
The processing of getting information into the memory system
What is encoding?
The term describing how people are more likely to remember the first and last items on a list better than the middle.
What is serial position effect?
The tendency to only seek out information that supports our preconceptions
What is confirmation bias?
Type of learning in which behavior is influenced by its consequences
What is operant conditioning?
Memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and "declare". Also called declarative memory
What is explicit memory?
Retention independent of conscious recollection, such as solving a puzzle, also called procedural memory
What is implicit memory?
The tendency to overestimate and overgeneralize because of a memory that is vivid, recent, and/or strong.
What is availability heuristic?
Any stimulus that, when presented/added after a response, strengthens the response is called a(n)
What is positive reinforcer?
Organizing items into familiar, manageable units; often occurs automatically
What is chunking?
The tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with the state of consciousness one was in when the memory was encoded.
What is state-dependent memory?
The tendency to underestimate the extent to which our beliefs and judgments are wrong
What is overconfidence?
Type of learning that occurs by watching others perform that behavior
What is observational learning?
Positive punishment is the introduction of a(n) ________ stimulus following a behavior and negative punishment is the withdrawal of a(n) ________ stimulus following a behavior.
What is aversive; pleasant?
The immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system that might be encoded into short-term memory
What is sensory memory?
Incorporating miseading information into one's memory of an event
What is misinformation effect?
Wording a question or presenting an issue in such a way that it evokes a desired judgment is called _______
What is framing?
This occurs when a CS is no longer paired with a US
What is extinction?
Janay has a glass of wine after work because it relieves her anxiety. Her wine drinking is likely to continue because it is followed by a ________ reinforcer.
What is negative?
A newer understanding of short term memory that involves conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual- spatial information, and of information retrieved from long- term memory
What is working memory?
When information about how, when, or where a memory was formed is false.
What is source amnesia?
An unwillingness to give up our beliefs even when the evidence proves us wrong is called
What is belief perseverance?