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What is the definition of psychology?
The scientific study of the mind, brain, and behavior
What is nature versus nurture?
genetics versus environment
What is the directionality problem?
does A cause B, or does B cause A?
Who is known for classical conditioning and what are the parts of it?
Ivan Pavlov--UCS, UCR, CS, CR
How many stages does the sleep cycle have and how long is each cycle?
5 stages and lasts about 90 minutes and repeats throughout the night
What is the ABC triad?
affect, behavior, and cognition
What is developmental psychology?
examines how people are continually developing--physically, cognitively, and socially--from infancy through old age
What are the 4 parts of the information processing model?
encoding, storage, retrieval---working memory
What is the scientific method?
Observe, Hypothesize, Collect data, Analyze date, and Communicate
Which one of Piaget's Stages in cognitive development does a child have no object permanence?
sensorimotor stage (birth-age 2)
What is naive realism?
The belief that we see the world precisely as it is--We trust our intuitive perceptions of the world and ourselves
What is the function of the hippocampus?
memory and learning
What is the self-serving bias?
Tendency for people to claim credit for their successes but refuse blame for their failures
What is anorexia?
self-starvation, excessive dieting, underweight but feeling overweight (body dismorphia)
What are the 3 parts of the Freudian Consciousness?
Id (primitive drives), Superego (conscience), and ego (realistic planning)
What is the definition of psychological disorders?
an ongoing pattern of thoughts, feelings, and actions that are deviant, distressful, and/or dysfunctional (the 3 D's)
What are the 3 important logical fallacies under pseudoscience?
What does neuroplasticity mean?
your brain is always changing
What type of research design allows us to infer causation?
experimental design
What is social loafing?
tendency to exert less effort on group tasks
What is narcolepsy?
falling asleep with little to no warning
What is generalization within classical conditioning?
similar stimuli may elicit responses (ex: fear of all dogs)
What is generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?
Continually tense and uneasy, even in the absence of any specific anxiety-provoking stimulus (free-floating anxiety)
What are the Hierarchy of Needs and who created it?
Abe Maslow-- Physiological needs, safety needs, belongingness and love needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization
What age is Identity vs. Role Confusion in Erikson's Theory of Psychosocial Development?
teens to 20s