Genes
A gene is
What is one set of instructions for an inherited trait.
Proteins are made of smaller molecules called__________ ____________.
What is amino acid
A change in the base-pair sequence of a gene is called a ________________.
What is a mutation
Both parents together are responsible for giving a total of _____ chromosomes to a gamete, half from the mother and half from the father.
What is 46
Genetic material in organisms is
What is DNA
The DNA twists and turns in a backbone called a
_________ _________.
What is a double helix
Flower color, skin patterns and behaviors, such as nest building are a few example of ________________. Which are observable traits.
What is phenotype
When cells divide, mutations are passed on with the genetic material into the new ____________. Only mutations that occur in the DNA of a reproductive cell can be passed on from parent to offspring.
What is the new cell
Genetic information that is found in the nucleus of a cell
What is DNA
Enzymes are ______________ that help speed up chemical reactions in the body.
What are proteins
Traits that help organisms survive and reproduce in their current environment are called ________________.
What is an adaptation
Organisms must copy their DNA to reproduce,
True or False
What is True
In organisms that reproduce sexually, cells have how many pairs of chromosomes?
What is 23 pairs of chromosomes
There are four different nucleotides in DNA, which are identified by their bases: The four bases are?
What is Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, Adenine
DNA is ___________________________.
Deoxyribonucleic acid
When DNA segments switch places during egg or sperm formation, it can affect only one/several gene(s).
What is several
A ________ is an important molecule that is needed to build and repair body structures and to control processes in the body.
What is a protein
Where the two strands connect, A pairs with T and G pairs with C and in rNA Uracil (U) replaces what base?
What is thymine
Genes code for amino acids code for proteins and proteins code for traits, this is called the _________ of __________________. Different proteins can result in different traits.
What is flow of information
When a mutation occurs; as DNA is copied base pairs may be added, removed or _____________. These chance mutations may be beneficial, neutral or _______________ to an organism.
What is substituted and harmful