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a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live.
What is DNA?
The shape of a strand of DNA looks like a twisted ladder.
What is a double helix?
the bases on each side of the molecule are used as a pattern for a ______
the order of bases on one side of the molecule is a ____ that carries _____
what is code and information?
each group of ____ bases on the mRNA segment codes for ____ amino acid
what is three and one?
The two sides of the ladder are made of alternating _____ parts and ______ parts.
As the bases on the original molecule are exposed, ______ are added to each side of the ladder.
what is complementary nucleotide?
this consists of a string of nucleotide that give the cell information about how to make a specific trait.
what is a gene?
molecules of transfer RNA (tRNA) deliver ______ from the ______ to the ribosome.
what is amino acids and cytoplasm?
the amount of guanine always equals the amount of cytosine and the amount of adenine always equals the amount of thymine.
What are Chargaff's rules?
the pairing of bases allows the cell to ______.
what is replicate?
half of each of the molecules is ____ DNA, and half is ______ DNA
what is old and new DNA?
a molecule that is present in all living cells that plays a role in protein production
what is RNA?
a change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule.
what is mutation?
This scientist used X-ray diffraction to make images of DNA that helped reveal the structure of DNA
each base always bonds with only one other base which makes the bases ________ to each other.
what is complementary?
the job of unwinding, copying, and rewinding the DNA is done by _____
what is proteins?
a single organsism has thousands of ____ that code for thousands of _____
what is genes and proteins?
identifies the unique patterns in an individual's DNA
what is fingerprinting?
Two scientists concluded that DNA must look like a long, twisted ladder after seeing Franklin's X-ray images.
What is Watson and Crick's model?
During replication, a DNA molecule is ______ down the middle.
what is split?
DNA is wound around ______
what is protein?
a cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis
what is ribosome?
scientists can manipulate individual genes within organisms
what is genetic engineering?