Genetics Vocabulary
The passing of traits from parent to offspring is called.
What is heredity?
What is a circle?
Cross a purebred Tall (T) and a purebred short (t) plant. What percentage is hybrid?
100% Tt
The number of chromosomes in a human body cell.
What is 46 chromosomes?
This technique is used to identify suspects and victims in forensics.
What is DNA Fingerprinting?
When two alleles are the same they are called.
What is homozygous?
A male is shown as this on a pedigree.
What is a square?
Cross two heterozygous tall plants (Tt). What plant may there be 50% of?
What is heterozygous tall (Tt)?
A laboratory-produced image of a person's chromosomes arranged from largest to smallest.
What is a karyotype?
The process used to make a DNA Fingerprint.
What is gel electrophoresis?
When two alleles are different they are called.
What is heterozygous?
What does a shaded shape represent on a pedigree?
A person that has the trait that is being tracked, called the "affected" trait.
Give an example of a homozygous dominant genotype for height.
TT (or 2 other capital letters of whichever letter you chose to use)
The 23rd Human chromosome determines what?
the offspring's gender
When humans insert genes from one organism into another organism, the new organism is called a ...
What is a transgenic organism?
One form or version of a gene. You get one from each parent.
What is an allele?
What does a horizontal line connecting 2 shapes represent on a pedigree chart?
mating has occurred between a male and a female, called the "marriage" line
Cross two hybrid tall plants (Tt). What plant is there a 25% chance of the parent having?
**You must name all**
What is homozygous dominant (TT) and homozygous recessive (Tt)?
If you have XX chromosomes, you are born what gender?
Girl
The process of combining DNA from two organisms.
What is recombinant DNA?
What are Punnett Squares?
What does a vertical line connecting 2 generations represent on a pedigree chart?
Shows the offspring from a male and female in the generation above, called a "child" line
Having dimples is a recessive trait. What genotypes would two parents without dimples have to have in order to have a child that does have dimples? Use D for the allele.
Both parents would need to be Dd (heterozygous)
Why are males more likely to get an X chromosome mutation than females?
Because they only have 1 copy of the X chromosome (from mom), so they do not have a backup copy of the gene to be dominant.
During genetic engineering, this is used to snip apart the target DNA and the vector DNA at specific points so recombinant DNA can be made.
restriction enzyme