Vocabulary
Short Answer I
Short Answer II
Miscellaneous
100
The basic structural and functional unit of living organisms.
Cell
100
Where are genes located in the cell?
Chromosomes
100
How can a mutation that causes a change in the structure or function of a protein be beneficial to an organism?
If it enhances an organism’s survival or results in a higher reproductive success rate.
100
Different forms or versions of something.
Variant
200
The basic physical and functional unit of heredity made up of DNA.
Gene
200
Describe the function of genes.
Control the production of a specific protein.
Carry information that determines your traits.
200
On what structures are genes located, and what is their primary function?
Genes are located on the chromosomes of cells.
Their primary function is to control the production of specific proteins, which in turn affects the traits of the individual.
200
The arrangement between parts to form a whole.
Structure
300
A single, highly organized and structured piece of DNA.
Chromosome
300
The gene that controls the production of hemoglobin, a protein responsible for the binding of oxygen to red blood cells in humans, is located at the position shown in the diagram below.
If a human lacks this gene what might they have trouble with?
Oxygen binding to their red blood cells.
300
Describe how changes to genes can affect the traits of organisms
Changes to genes can result in changes to proteins, which can affect the structures and functions of the traits of an organism.
300
Unexpected changes of the genetic coding.
Mutation
400
A characteristic of an organism; can be genetic or acquired.
Trait
400
What would be the most immediate result of a gene mutating.
A change in the protein produced by the organism.
400
How do changes to genes affect the traits of an organism?
They can cause mutations in individuals that can be harmful, beneficial, or neutral.
This can affect individual traits or an entire organism.
400
What something does.
Function
500
Biomolecules made up of amino acids and found in all living cells that perform bodily functions.
Protein
500
Huntington’s disease is a condition that causes problems of the brain and muscle coordination in some humans.
What would most likely be observed in humans who inherit this genetic disease?
A change in the production of specific proteins.
500
What is the relationship between genes, proteins, chromosomes, and cells?
Genes are located in the chromosomes of cells, with each chromosome pair containing two variants of each of many distinct genes.
Each distinct gene chiefly controls the production of specific proteins, which in turn affects the traits of the individual.
500
Mutations can change proteins which affect.
Structures and functions of traits of organisms.