Biotechnology
What is biotechnology?
The manipulation of organisms or their components to make useful products.
What is a vector used for?
To carry the gene into the host nucleus.
What enzyme is used to cut DNA?
Restriction Enzymes
Fill in the Blank:
A plasmid is a type of ______ commonly used in genetic engineering.
vector
What does PCR stand for?
Polymerase Chain Reaction
What are some examples of biotechnology used today? (multiple answers)
Manipulation of DNA, cloning, recombinant DNA, gene therapy, production of insulin and growth hormones, stem cell research, gene mapping, DNA sequencing, forensics.
What are vectors commonly used in genetic engineering?
Plasmids and Viruses.
What are sticky ends?
Short extensions of exposed nucleotides from restriction fragments.
Do plasmids replicate independently or dependently?
independently
What is the process of PCR?
A method for making many copies of a specific segment of DNA.
How does biotechnology affect us?
I can prevent diseases before they even happen.
Why are vectors important in cloning?
A cloning vector is used to insert foreign DNA into another cell and create multiple copies of the same.
What are restriction fragments?
Segments created by the cutting of DNA with restriction enzymes.
How can plasmids help us?
A way to get genes into bacteria easily.
What are the 4 steps for PCR?
Heating, Priming, Copying, Repeat
How does biotechnology affect crops?
It can make farming more profitable by increasing crop quality.
Why are vectors important in real life?
They have many real-life applications, including situations involving force or velocity.
What is DNA ligase?
An enzyme that can join the sticky ends of DNA fragments .
What is the primary function of a plasmid?
To carry antibiotic resistant genes and spread them throughout the body.
How is PCR used in the diagnosis of diseases?
To amplify the identified disease region.
What is a big concern with biotechnology?
Could cause harm to the environment and GMO's in crops.
What is the shotgun technique?
Blindly shooting tiny particles coated with the gene into the host cell.
Where are restriction enzymes found.
In bacteria.
How do we get the recombinant DNA plasmid into the bacteria?
Bacterial Transformation
What are the advantages of PCR? (3 possible answers)
1. Only a tiny amount of DNA needs to be present in the starting material.
2. Make copies of very rare DNA.
3. Detect genes of pathogens in infected cells or biological weapons.