Biotechnology
Vectors
Enzymes
Plasmids
PCR
100

What is biotechnology?

The manipulation of organisms or their components to make useful products.

100

What is a vector used for?

To carry the gene into the host nucleus.

100

What enzyme is used to cut DNA?

Restriction Enzymes

100

Fill in the Blank:

A plasmid is a type of ______ commonly used in genetic engineering.

vector

100

What does PCR stand for?

Polymerase Chain Reaction

200

What are some examples of biotechnology used today? (multiple answers)

Manipulation of DNA, cloning, recombinant DNA, gene therapy, production of insulin and growth hormones, stem cell research, gene mapping, DNA sequencing, forensics.

200

What are vectors commonly used in genetic engineering?

Plasmids and Viruses.

200

What are sticky ends?

Short extensions of exposed nucleotides from restriction fragments.

200

Do plasmids replicate independently or dependently?

independently

200

What is the process of PCR?

A method for making many copies of a specific segment of DNA.

300

How does biotechnology affect us?

I can prevent diseases before they even happen.

300

Why are vectors important in cloning?

A cloning vector is used to insert foreign DNA into another cell and create multiple copies of the same.

300

What are restriction fragments?

Segments created by the cutting of DNA with restriction enzymes.

300

How can plasmids help us?

A way to get genes into bacteria easily.

300

What are the 4 steps for PCR?

Heating, Priming, Copying, Repeat

400

How does biotechnology affect crops?

It can make farming more profitable by increasing crop quality.

400

Why are vectors important in real life?

They have many real-life applications, including situations involving force or velocity.

400

What is DNA ligase?

An enzyme that can join the sticky ends of DNA fragments .

400

What is the primary function of a plasmid?

To carry antibiotic resistant genes and spread them throughout the body.

400

How is PCR used in the diagnosis of diseases?

To amplify the identified disease region.

500

What is a big concern with biotechnology?

Could cause harm to the environment and GMO's in crops.

500

What is the shotgun technique?

Blindly shooting tiny particles coated with the gene into the host cell.

500

Where are restriction enzymes found.

In bacteria.

500

How do we get the recombinant DNA plasmid into the bacteria?

Bacterial Transformation

500

What are the advantages of PCR? (3 possible answers)

1. Only a tiny amount of DNA needs to be present in the starting material.

2. Make copies of very rare DNA.

3. Detect genes of pathogens in infected cells or biological weapons.