DNA Modification
True or False: DNA modification was first tested on dogs.
False!
When was Genetic engineering first used?
(answer close to a decade of real answer)
A breakthrough in GMO technology came in 1973
True or false: GMO can create bacteria that glows.
True!
What does GMO stand for?
Genetically modified organisms
How closely related are humans and mice? (percentage)
Humans share about 90% of genetic material with mice
Name two crops that are genetically engineered (GM/GMO)?
Soybeans, corn, cotton, canola, sugar beets, alfalfa, and papaya. 94% of soybean and cotton acreage and 92% of corn acreage planted in the U.S. were GM varieties in 2015
When was the first time DNA was made in a tube?
1958
Name one of the animals genetic engineering was first tested on.
Some of the most common genetic engineering test subjects are mice and zebrafish
What is a substance used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against one or several diseases,
A vaccine!
How Identical are humans to each other?
On a genetic level, all human are more than 99% identical.
How does genetic engineering help people with diabetes?
Genetic engineering has been used to produce a type of insulin for people with diabetes, used to control their blood sugar levels.
Who was one of the first genetic engineers?
Herbert Boyer or Stanley Cohen
What are some negative outcomes of genetic engineering?
Certain changes in a plant or animal could cause unpredicted allergic reactions in some people which, in its original form, did not occur. Other changes could result into the toxicity of an organism to humans or other organisms.
What is the name of the inevention used to deliver exogenous DNA, RNA, or protein to cells?
A gene gun! or a biolistic particle delivery system
How many types of Vaccines are there? + 300 if you can guess most of the names
6 and they are:
What oceanic animal can change their own genes?
Octupi
When does Genetic Engineering take off unexpectedly?
By 1972, researchers had created the first chimeric recombinant DNA cloning SV40 molecule into plasmid DNA.
Give an example of a genetically modified crop and its effect.
Rice with vitamin A
Tomatoes that rot slower
Potatoes that are resistant to caterpillars
How has genetic engineering helped/improved pharmaceuticals and medicine? Provide some examples.
Genetic engineering has provided a way to create new pharmaceutical products called recombinant DNA pharmaceuticals. Such products include antibiotic drugs, vaccines, and hormones used to treat various diseases.
How many grams do we eat DNA in a day?
It is estimated that humans consume between 0.1-1g of DNA per day
How does DNA modification work? (relative answer)
GM is a technology that involves inserting DNA into the genome of an organism. To produce a GM plant, new DNA is transferred into plant cells. Usually, the cells are then grown in tissue culture where they develop into plants. The seeds produced by these plants will inherit the new DNA.
What did the first genetic engineers develop?
The two scientists developed a method to very specifically cut out a gene from one organism and paste it into another.
What is the problem with cloning a group of organism?
They have no genetic variation
What diseases can genetic engineering cure?
Cystic fibrosis and hemophilia and its use as a possible cure for heart disease, AIDS, and cancer, blood disorders, Huntington’s disease
What is electrophoresis used for?
Separate fragments of DNA based on size