Genetic Applications
These are made using the power of genetics to improve food supply
What are genetically modified organisms (GMOs)?
This was an early form of genetics that enabled the development of many domesticated animals
What is selective breeding?
A type of virus that only infects bacteria
What is a bacteriophage?
This many types of these monomers make up proteins
What are 20 different amino acids?
This many types of these monomers make up DNA
What are 4 different nucleotides?
This branch of science uses genetics as evidence in law cases
What is forensic science?
The study of the structure and function of genes
What is molecular genetics?
The part within a centrifugation tube that contains the larger and more dense components of a separated mixture
What is the pellet?
Different versions of a gene
What are alleles?
A heritable region of DNA that has information for making other molecules that are involved in determining traits
What is a gene?
Pre-marital testing, like Dor Yesharim, is helpful for preventing these two kinds of people from producing offspring together
What are carriers of the same genetic disorder?
Studying the evolution of genetic variation within a large group of organisms
What is population genetics?
The part within the centrifugation tube that contained the empty bacteriophage protein coats
What is the supernatent?
Structures within a eukaryotic cell nucleus made of tightly packed DNA
What are chromosomes?
Traits that are expressed in an organism's phenotype are determined by these two factors
What are genotype and environmental factors?
Genetic information has the potential to be used for this instead of the one-size-fits-all medical approach, but has many challenges to overcome such as increased cost
What is personalized medicine?
Identifying genes that affect specific traits and studying how they are inherited
What is transmission genetics?
The part of the bacteriophage that contained radioactive phosphorus
What is the DNA?
A type of organism that is easy to keep in a lab and is used in experiments to infer information about other organisms such as humans
What is a model organism?
What is a chromosome mutation?
This method is used to produce insulin
What is an insulin gene is added to yeast or bacteria DNA?
This was Gregor Mendel's main discovery
What is the discovery that traits are controlled by distinct heritable units?
The type of radioactive element found within the E. coli bacteria in the pellet
What is the radioactive phosphorus (P-32)?
The concept that genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein
What is the central dogma?
The specific genes and alleles within a specific organism's DNA
What is the genotype?