Vocab
Genetic makeup of an organism (ex: Tt)
What is Genotype
What chromosomes pairs does both a human male and felmale have?
Male = XY, Female =XX
Name one difference between Mitosis and Meiosis
What is 1. # of divisions (mei=2, mit=1) 2. #of cells produced (mei=4, mit=2) 3. haploid or diploid (mei=haploid, mit=diploid) 4. purpose/type of reproduction (mei=sexual, mit=asexual) 5. indentical or different cells produced (mei=different, mit=identical)
A TT (tall) plant is crossed with a tt (short) plant. What is the percentage of short offspring?
What is 0%
What organism did Gregor Mendel spend 7 years studying?
What is Pea plant
The trait that is masked in the heterozygous
What is Recessive Allele
Genes are carried from parents to offspring on these structures
What are chromosomes?
Are gametes diploid or haploid?
What is Haploid
Two heterozygous plants are crossed (Tt, Tt). What is the percentage that a dominant homozygous (TT) offpsring will be produced?
What is 25%
Define probability and how it relates to Punnett square.
What is the chance of something happening and to show the probability of what trait will be expressed.
Possessing two of the same alleles for a trait
What is Homozygous
An organism is heterozygous for a trait
What is Hybrid
What happens during Metaphase?
What is chromosomes line up in the center of the cell.
What would be the Genotypic ratio when two heterozygous plants are crossed (Tt,Tt)
What is 1TT, 2Tt, 1tt
Geneticists use this to map the inheritance of a particular trait
What is A Pedigree
Inserting a "glowing gene" into a fish is an example of this
What is Genetic Engineering?
An organism that is homozygous for a trait
What is Pure or True-breed
These are the four phases of mitosis and meiosis
PMAT - Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telephase
Followed by cytokinesis :)
What would the Phenotypic ratio be if two heterozygous tall plants (Tt) were crossed?
What is 3 tall, 1 short
What is a human's haploid number?
What is 23
Physical representation of a trait (what you can see)
What is Phenotype
Breeding dogs in a certain way to obtain the most desirable traits for humans is known as this
What is artificial selection
This happens during crossing over.
two chromosomes of a homologous pair exchange equal segments with each other.
List both Genotypic and Phenotypic ratios for a heterozygous tall plant (Tt) and a homozygous short plant (tt).
What is Genotype: 3 Tt, 1 tt Phenotype: 3 tall, 1 short
What are the 3 ways mutations can happen to the nitrogen bases during replication of DNA
Addition, deletion, and substitution