DNA
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What are the 4 Key Players in DNA Replication?
1) Helicase
2) Primase
3) DNA Polymerse
4) Ligase
What does protein synthesis do?
Make proteins
2) Translation
Who is the father of genetics?
Gregor Mendel
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
Why do lagging strands take longer to replicate?
Because it is working backwards (3^1 to 5^1)
What makes up proteins?
Amino Acids
What does the m in mRNA stand for and what does the t in tRNA stand for?
m = messenger
t = transfer
Aa is the genotype where tall is the?
phenotype
What 2 organelles can DNA be found in?
Mitochondria and Cytoplasm
If AGCAAG is the leading strand what is the lagging strand?
TCGTTC
What is a chain of amino acids called?
A polypeptide chain
What happens during transcription?
DNA bases are read by mRNA and a template is made
A trait that always shows up is ________, and a trait that can hide is_______.
1) dominant
2) recessive
What are the sides of the double helix ladder made of?
Alternating sugar and phosphate molecules?
What enzyme unwinds/breaks the hydrogen bonds between bases?
Helicase
What organelle is responsible for making proteins?
Ribosomes
What happens during translation?
mRNA is copied by tRNA in groups of 3 called codons. As mRNA is read tRNA matches the proper anticodons. They are attached to form amino acids.
______ blood type is the universal donor and _____ blood type is the universal acceptor.
1) Type O
2) Type AB
DNA is made of repeating units called?
Nucleotides
What enzyme reconnects the separated strands at the end of DNA replication?
Ligase
Why don't we all look like?
because our bodies make different proteins in different quantities
How many amino acids are there?
20
Gregor Mendel's law of segregation established what?
established that there are dominant and recessive traits passed on randomly from parents to offspring.