Punnet Squares
Some genes can be hidden or covered up by another gene. These are called.....
recessive
What is heredity?
The passage of genetic instructions (traits) from parent to offspring.
What is genetics?
The study of heredity.
A group of people born and living during the same time.
Generation
How are traits passed from parent to offspring?
Through genes during reproduction.
What is the Punnett Square used for?
To determine the outcome of genetic crossings.
Who first studied heredity and the passage of traits from one generation to the next?
Gregor Mendel
What are genes? Where are they located?
Genes contain all the DNA codes for all the traits you inherit. They are located in the chromosomes.
One member of a pair in a gene.
Allele
Name two traits that could be inherited from a parent?
Examples: hair color, eye color, height, skin color, freckles, etc.
A black chicken (BB) is crossed with a black chicken (BB). What percentage of offspring will be black?
100%
What type of organism did Gregor Mendel first use to study heredity?
Pea plants
What are the threadlike structures of DNA that carry genes called?
Chromosomes
When you have two of the same allele (RR or rr).
Homogeneous/Homozygous
Why does a Punnett Square use capitol and lowercase letters?
Capital = Dominant Trait
Lower = Recessive Trait
Having dimples is dominant (D). Not having dimples is recessive (d). Both parents are heterozygous for the dominant trait. What percentage of children will NOT have dimples?
25%
The physical trait observed in an offspring is known as its....
Phenotype
What does it mean to inherit genes?
The genes are passed down to you from your parents.
When you have two different alleles (Rr)
Heterozygous
Two dark brown rabbits have four offspring. Three of the offspring are dark brown and one is white. What does this tell you about the parent's fur color genes?
Dark brown is dominant, white is recessive. Both parents are heterozygous (Bb).
Long ears are dominant (E) in rabbits. If one parent is homozygous dominant for the long ear trait, and the other homozygous recessive (e), what is the only genotype possible for the offspring?
Ee
How many chromosomes do humans have?
46, or 23 pairs
What do we call the genetic make up of an individual, represented by a set of alleles (with letters).
Genotype
The material that carries all the information about how a living thing will look and function.
DNA
What is Ms. Bachman's favorite thing to knit?
Infinity scarfs.