Mendel
Gregor Mendel is known for his contributions to this field of biology.
Genetics
A pair of chromosomes, one of which comes from the mother and the other comes from the father.
Homologous Chromosomes
This is a diagram that follows inheritance of a single trait through several generations of a family.
Pedigree
This type of organism has two different alleles for a trait.
Heterozygous
An autosomal genetic disorder.
albinism, cystic fibrosis, tay-sachs disease, sickle cell anemia, phenylketonuria
Gregor Mendel studied this organism to determine how traits were inherited.
Pea Plants
When alleles are neither dominant nor recessive.
Codominance
This is the genetic makeup of an organism.
Genotype
Many genes joined together form one of these.
Chromosome
A nondisjunction disorder.
Down’s Syndrome, Klinefelter’s Syndrome, Trisomy 13, Trisomy 18
This is the probability of producing a tall pea plant in a cross between two heterozygous pea plants.
Three in four. (3/4, 75%)
A trait completely dominates over another when it is present.
Complete Dominance
This is the physical appearance of an organism.
Phenotype
A trait that is masked by a dominant trait.
Recessive Trait
A technique that sorts DNA strands based on their lengths and charge.
Gel Electrophoresis
BB crossed with bb will yield this.
100% Bb
The percentage of alleles that an offspring inherits from each parent.
50%
This kind of mutation reduces an organism’s chance for survival.
Harmful mutation or negative variation
This trait will always show up when present.
Dominant Trait
A blood type with A and Rh antigens found on the red blood cells.
A+
The possible genotypes for the offspring of a homozygous recessive male and a heterozygous female
These are the different forms of a gene.
Alleles
Chromosomes
1-22
Autosomes
Sampling of amniotic fluid surrounding a developing fetus.
Amniocentesis
Modification of the genes of an organism.
Genetic Engineering