Mitosis
Which phase happens before mitosis?
I__________
Interphase
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Is this genotype homozygous or heterozygous?
Aa
Heterozygous
What is an "insertion" mutation?
When a base is added.
What does IVF stand for?
in vitro fertilization
Which phase happens after interphase?
P_________
Prophase
Which nitrogenous base pairs with adenine?
Thymine
Is this genotype homozygous or heterozygous?
AA
Homozygous
What is a "deletion" mutation?
When a base is removed.
Give an example of biotechnology.
Genetic engineering, IVF, vaccines, etc.
In which phase do the chromosomes line up in the middle?
M__________
Metaphase
Which nitrogenous base pairs of guanine?
Cytosine
In humans, attached earlobes (E) are dominant to free earlobes (e). For the genotype ee, what is the phenotype?
free earlobes
What is a "substitution" mutation?
When a base is replaced with another.
What happens to the ovum (egg) during IVF?
Fertilised in a lab.
Which phase occurs after metaphase?
Anaphase
Fill in the blank.
DNA strands are wound into c___________ in the nucleus of cells.
A c____________ is shaped like an X.
Chromosome
In rabbits, black fur (B) is dominant to white fur (b). Write the dominant homozygous genotype for these alleles.
BB
Identify the mutation present.
Original: AACGTAGC
Mutated: AACGTAG
Deletion
What is a "designer baby?"
A baby with genes which have been engineered to be favourable.
Mitosis is used for growth, repair and replacement.
When does a DNA molecule produce a "complementary strand?"
During DNA replication.
What is an allele?
A specific copy of a gene.
Identify the mutation present:
Original: GTTACGA
Mutated: GTTACCA
Substitution
What can "stem cell research" be used for?
Treating cancer and other diseases.