DNA
What macromolecule is DNA?
What is nucleic acid.
Where does DNA Replication take place?
What is the nucleus.
What are the RNA complementary base pair rules?
What is A-U, C-G.
How many codon(s) does it take to code for 1 amino acid?
What is 3.
What is the Central Dogma?
Instructions in DNA get transcribed/copied into RNA which gets translated into a protein.
DNA -> RNA -> Protein
What is the monomer of DNA?
What is a nucelotide?
When does DNA Replication take place?
What is during the S phase of Interphase.
How is the leading strand synthesized (continuously or discontinuously) and how many primers are used?
What is continuously and 1.
Where does transcription occur?
Where does translation occur?
What is the nucleus and ribosome (in the cytoplasm).
What kind of bonds hold amino acids together?
What kind of bonds hold nitrogen base pairs together?
What is peptide and hydrogen.
What are the 3 parts of a the monomer of DNA?
What is sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base.
What is the complementary DNA strand to
A T T C G G C T A T C C
What is T A A G C C G A T A G G.
List 3 differences between DNA and RNA.
DNA contains thymine, is double stranded, has deoxyribose as sugar. RNA contains uracil, is single stranded, has ribose as sugar
What two things are on a tRNA molecule?
What is amino acid and anticodon.
Has an anticodon on one end and an amino acid on the other end.
What is tRNA.
What is the 5’ end of the DNA strand indicated by?
What is the 3’ end of the DNA strand indicated by?
What is phosphate and sugar.
List two functions of the enzyme DNA Polymerase.
What is brings in complementary nucleotides, proofreads, replaces RNA primers.
Place the components in order, from smallest to largest:
Codon, Chromosome, DNA nucleotide, Gene
DNA nucleotide, codon, gene, chromosome
Given the DNA strand below, transcribe and translate it.
TAC AAG CCT ACT
AUG UUC GGA UGA
MET PHE GLY STOP
Composed of rRNA and proteins?
A section of DNA that holds the instructions for making a polypeptide.
What is the ribosome and gene.
Which nitrogen bases are pyrimidines?
Which nitrogen bases are purines?
What is cytosine and thymine.
What is guanine and adenine.
What is a function of the enzymes: Helicase, Primase, and Ligase.
What is unzips DNA, makes RNA primers, and seals the gaps.
What type(s) of RNA are involved in transcription?
What type(s) of RNA are involved in translation?
What is mRNA.
What is mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA..
What are the three types of RNA and their purpose in protein synthesis.
mRNA = messenger. Carries the instructions from the nucleus to the ribosomes. tRNA = transfer. Transfers the amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis. rRNA = ribosomal. Makes up the subunits of the ribosome where proteins will be assembled.
What do epigenetics and mutations have in common? How are they different?
Both are heritable changes in gene expression. Mutations change the actual DNA, epigenetics just changes how the DNA gets expressed (NOT the actual DNA).