Heredity
DNA Structure
Protein Synthesis
Definitions
Hailey and Emma Facts
100

What is the probability of the offspring getting heterozygous genotype?

50%

100

If bases on one side of a DNA strand read AGCTA what bases would be on the connecting side?

TCGAT

100

What does the mRNA do? 

It takes a copy of the DNA base sequence usig AUCG and takes it out of the nucleus into the ribosome 

100

What are phenotypes?

Observable characteristics or traits
100

Where did Hailey grow up?

Portland OR

200

Is this genotype heterozygous, homozygous recessive or homozygous dominant? 

Rr

Heterozygous

200

What is the role of proteins in genetics?

Proteins are the final product based on the genes instructions, they show up as traits.

200

What does the tRNA do?

Brings the ribosome amino acids based on the code (broken up into sets of 3 bases)

200

What is an allele?

A version of a gene

200

What is Emmas cat name?

Poppy

300

In guinea pigs black fur is dominant, white is recessive.

A guinea pigs has the genotype Pp, what colors is its fur?

Black

300

What are the three components of a DNA nucleotide?

Sugar, phosphate, base (A,T,C or G)

300

What does the ribosome do?

translates the base code for the tRNA, and puts amino acids together to form proteins 

300

What is a gene?

What is a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait

300

What is Hailey's favorite color?

Orange

400

Cleft chin is dominant. No cleft chin is recessive. What would the phenotype be for a offspring with a Cc genotype?

Cleft chin

400

What is the DNA's structure made of?

Sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate 

400

A gene has the bases GCTCTA what bases would its mRNA transcribe?

CGAGAU

400

What is this called? and what is its function? 



Chromosome, it is organized and packaged DNA.

400

Where did Emma grow up? 

South Dakota

500

Is this genotype heterozygous, homozygous recessive or homozygous dominant? 

rr

Homozygous recessive

500

How many chromosomes are in a human genome? 

46 (2 sets of 23)

500

What happens if there is an error during transcription or translation?

There will be a mutation. It could be harmless like blue eyes, or it could cause diseases or make a fetus not viable. 

500

What happens during transcription?

DNA is copied into a single-stranded RNA molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA)

500

What is Emmas moon sign?

Virgo

600


What is the probability of the offspring showing the dominant phenotype? 

75%

600

Genes contain instructions to make what?

Proteins

600

What is a codon?

A three-base sequence on an mRNA molecule that specifies a particular amino acid

600

What happens during translation? 

mRNA is read by ribosomes, which assemble amino acids into a protein chain

600

When is Hailey's birthday?

June 19th