Vocabulary
Different versions of a gene are called ___________ and you get one from each parent.
Alleles
What are punnett squares used for?
They allow you to calculate the probability that offspring will inherit a given trait from their parents.
What are pedigrees used for?
A visual representation of a family's genetic history, used to track the inheritance of traits or diseases across generations
How does protein affect muscle size?
Protein prevents muscle loss
DOUBLE TROUBLE: What are the inputs for Photosynthesis?
Sun, water, CO2
DOUBLE TROUBLE: A section of DNA is called a ___________.
Gene
DOUBLE TROUBLE: Fill in the blank:
The combination of alleles is called a _____________.
____________ is the observable characteristics/traits of an organism.
Genotype; phenotype.
DOUBLE TROUBLE: Why are keys and legends used on pedigrees?
To help the user understand the meaning of colors or symbols on a chart, map, or other visual representation.
True or false -
Cows become heavily muscled because they eat more protein and exercise more than typical muscled cows.
How does exercise impact muscle growth?
Resistance exercise tears muscle fibers which then repair themselves stronger and larger.
Changes (or errors) in DNA are called ______________.
Mutations
Write the correct names for the 3 possible genotypes below:
AA __________________
Aa __________________
aa __________________
Homozygous dominant;
heterozygous;
homozygous recessive
What does a square represent?
What does a circle represent?
Male; female
What impacts muscle growth more - eating protein or exercising?
Exercise
What is the larges desert in the world?
Antarctica
Nutrients that your body uses to build and repair muscles, tissues, and cells. They are made of smaller parts called amino acids and are found in foods like meat, eggs, beans, and nuts.
Proteins
What's the probability of having a heavily muscled baby in this cross? (SHOW YOUR WORK)
Heavily muscled mom x typical dad
0%. All babies are medium.
What cattle phenotype is represented by a
1. Black shaded shape?
2. Un-shaded shape?
3. Gray-shaded shape?
Heavily muscled; typical muscled; medium muscled
Describe the relationship between proteins, phenotypes and chromosomes.
How many bones do sharks have?
Zero
A thread-like structure composed of DNA and proteins, found within the nucleus of a cell, that carries genetic information in the form of genes.
Chromosome
Complete a Punnett square for a homozygous recessive dad and a heterozygous mom.
B - red hair, b - brown hair. What percentage will have brown hair?
**SHOW YOUR WORK
50%
Show your work!
DOUBLE TROUBLE: A gray circle represents what kind of cattle?
Medium muscled female.
DOUBLE TROUBLE: HOW does a protein determine phenotype?
Proteins have jobs that either happen or not to determine what an organism will look like.
What country has the most tornadoes?
United States