Genetics Vocabulary
What is the study of genetics?
Heredity is the study of genetics.
What is a punnett square?
A tool used to predict the probability of traits passed to offspring
What are alleles?
They represent the genes being passed down from parent to offspring
What is a dominant trait?
A trait shown when at least one dominant allele is present
What are inherited traits?
Traits passed down from parents to offspring
What is an offspring called when it comes from two different species or varieties?
A hybrid
What is 1/2?
If a trait has a 50% chance of being passed on
Where are the parent alleles located?
On the outside sides of the punnett square
What is a recessive trait?
A trait shown when two recessive alleles are present
What is DNA
The material in a cell that carries instructions for inherited traits
What is a Genotype?
The genetic makeup of an organism (Genotypes code for Phenotypes)
what is 1/4?
If a trait has a 25% chance of being passed on
What does a punnett square help determine?
What allele masks another allele?
A dominant allele
What is a gene?
The unit of heredity that determines inherited traits
What is an allele?
A version of a gene
What is probability?
The chance that an event will happen
How many boxes are in a typical monohybrid punnett square?
There are four boxes in a monohybrid punnett square
What allele is masked by another allele?
a recessive allele
What are chromosomes?
Structures in the nucleus that contain genes
What is heterozygous?
When two different alleles are present for a trait.
In a punnett square, if 3 out of 4 boxes show a dominant trait, the probability of that trait is...?
75%
What genotype is Bb?
Heterozygous
What is a phenotype?
A trait you can see in an organism
Who is the scientist that studied inherited traits using pea plants?
Gregor Mendel