Mighty Mitosis and Meiosis
Which process produces two identical daughter cells used for growth and repair?
What is Mitosis?
Bonus 400 points: Demonstrate your best Olympic figure skating routine.
Traits passed from parents to offspring through genes are called this.
What are inherited traits?
A tool used to predict the probability of offspring traits.
What is a Punnett square?
A change in the DNA sequence is called this.
What is a mutation?
The process of directly changing an organism’s DNA.
What is genetic engineering?
How many total daughter cells are produced at the end of meiosis from one original cell, and are they genetically identical or different?
Four daughter cells; they are genetically different.
Riding a bike and speaking a language are examples of these traits.
What are learned traits?
Different forms of a gene are called this.
What are alleles?
Bonus 500 points: Sing the Friday song
A mutation where one nucleotide is replaced with another.
What is a substitution?
Genetically modified organisms are commonly abbreviated as this.
What are GMOs?
Bonus 200 points: Floss
This process produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes.
What is meiosis?
The physical appearance of a trait (like brown eyes).
What is phenotype?
If a dominant allele is represented by “T,” how is a recessive allele written?
What is lowercase t?
Adding an extra nucleotide into DNA is called this type of mutation.
What is an insertion (addition)?
Bonus 200 points:What is 246 + 327?
Changing crops to resist insects or drought is an example of this application of genetic engineering.
What is improving agriculture?
This type of reproduction involves only one parent.
What is asexual reproduction?
The genetic makeup of an organism (like Bb or BB).
What is genotype?
Bonus 300 points: Demonstrate your best Winter Olympic snowboarding trick
If both parents are heterozygous (Bb × Bb), what is the probability of a recessive phenotype?
What is 25% (1 out of 4)?
Removing a nucleotide from DNA is called this.
What is a deletion?
Give one example of how genetic engineering is used in agriculture or medicine.
Example: Bacteria engineered to make insulin; crops modified for pest resistance.
Which type of reproduction is usually faster?
What is asexual reproduction?
An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait is called this.
What is homozygous?
Bonus 200 points: What are the 2 different types of homozygous?
When two dominant alleles are written together (TT), this genotype is called what?
What is homozygous dominant?
A mutation that does not affect the organism’s phenotype is called this.
What is a neutral mutation?
What is one ethical or safety concern people sometimes raise about genetic engineering?
Concern example: unintended environmental effects, gene flow to wild species, or ethical worries about "designer" traits