Genetics 1
Genes code for these -physical characteristics or ...
Traits
This kind of gene always shows itself over a recessive gene.
Dominant Gene
Illnesses or disorders caused by an abnormal gene (Examples: Downs and Turner Syndrome -wrong number of chromosomes, Recessive traits - Sickle Cell Anemia, Cystic Fibrosis) or simply a change in the DNA code
a mutation
a random change in an organism’s DNA
mutation
In certain species of plants, purple flowers (P) are dominant to white flowers (p). If two heterozygous plants are crossed, what will be the phenotype of the offspring?
25% white flowers, 75% purple flowers
The passing of traits from parent to offspring is called.
Heredity
Organisms that have two of the same genes are called...
Homozygous
Type of reproduction where offspring are identical to the parents
Asexual
An organisms physical appearance, such as having a pointy nose
Phenotype
When two heterozygous parents are crossed (Aa X Aa), what percent of the offspring will have a dominant phenotype?
75%
Chromosomes are made up of _______.
DNA
Organisms that have two different genes for the same trait are called...
heterozygous
One of two or more forms of a particular gene (the options for a gene).
Allele
The two letter code that describes an organisms genes. (AA or Aa)
Genotype
Crossing a BB parent with a bb parent results in
all Bb offspring (all heterozygous)
Where are chromosomes located?
Nucleus
A tool scientists use to predict what offspring may look like...
Punnett Square
Gene that is hidden when the dominant gene is present
Recessive
Father of Genetics, studied peas
In a certain species of plant, the color purple (PP) is dominant to the color white (pp).
Using a Punnett Square, what is the probability of an offspring being purple?
Having Freckles (F) is dominant over not having Freckles (f). If a person who is heterozygous has children with a person who is also homozygous recessive, what is the probability that their children will have Freckles?
50%
Right-handedness (R) is dominant over left-handedness (r). If a person who is heterozygous has children with a person who is also heterozygous, what would be their children’s possible genotypes? (3 answers)
RR, Rr, rr
A structure made of coiled DNA that transfers hereditary information to the next generation (Comes in pairs)
Chromosome
If one parent is Blood Type AB, and the other parent in type O, what are the chances that they have a child that is type O.
0%
What are the ratios of the phenotype(s) of the offspring between two heterozygous parents (A-Brown hair; a-blond hair)
3:1 (Brown to Blond)