Environmental Variation
What is a mineral salt?
A metal / metallic compound organisms need to stay healthy.
What causes inherited variations in organisms.
Genes, DNA, Genetic information.
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What is the difference between Vulnerable, Endangered, vs Extinct.
Vulnerable - Low in population
Endangered - Dangerously low population
Extinct - Zero population
Which scientist do most people credit to the idea of Natural Selection?
Charles Darwin / Alfred Russel Wallace
What is the difference between an environmental factor and an environmental variation?
Environmental Factor - Is something in an organisms environment that causes a the organism to change
Environmental Variation - The change in an organism due to an environmental factor
Where in a gamete is the genetic material stored?
In the nucleus / nucleolus of the cell.
What is a chromosome?
Why are invasive species considered a bad thing to an environment?
They can disrupt the food web and could possible kill off native species forever.
What is a hypothesis?
A scientific guess / prediction.
Name 3 biotic factors in an organisms environment.
competition, predation, infectious disease.
What is fertilization.
When two gametes fuse to produce a zygote during reproduction.
How many DNA molecules are found in one chromosome?
1 very long molecule.
What's the difference between predation and competition.
Predation - Being hunted / eaten by another organism.
Competition - having to "share" resources with other organisms in an environment.
Inter-species - same competition
Intraspecies - different competition
What is evolution?
A gradual change in the characteristics of organisms.
Name 3 physical environmental factors in your environment in this classroom.
Temperature, humidity, lighting.
How many chromosomes are in a human gamete vs human zygote.
Gamete - 23 chromosomes
Zygote - 46 chromosomes
How many copies of each gene are there in an organism.
2 copies - one on each pair
Why have the native species of Red Squirrels disappeared from most of the UK?
The were outcompeted by the newly introduced invasive grey squirrel species.
Explain why black peppered moths survived better around Manchester than pale ones during the end of the 19th century.
There were a lot of soot producing factories causing the black moths to be better camouflaged / more successful)
Give 2 examples of continuous variation and 2 examples of discontinuous variation.
Continuous variation - hair length, skin color, height.
Discontinuous Variation - shoe size, blood type, wearing corrective lenses.
Plotting a bar chart of continuous variation usually produces a certain shape. What shape represents the normal distribution curve.
the "bell" shape
What is the last stage of fertilization called?
Cell Division
Name 3 ways of preserving biodiversity on planet earth.
Gene banks, Nature Reserves, Breeding Programs, Banning hunting / selling of certain animals.
Approximately how long ago did the asteroid that killed the dinosaurs hit the earth?
Roughly 66 million years ago. (6.6 x 10^8)