Evolution
Change in a kind of organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms
Evolution
A trait in a species that has helped it to survive and developed over time
Adaptive
a model used to predict possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring
Punnett Square
Complete the Punnett square
Parent A: Bb
Parent B: Bb
BB, Bb
Bb, bb
A double helix molecule that contains the genetic instructions to make each organism.
DNA
a random error in gene replication that leads to a change
Mutation
Having similar structure (same kind of bones)
Homologous
An allele whose trait always appears in the organism when the allele is present.
Dominant Trait
Complete the Punnett square
Parent A: BB
Parent B: bb
All squares are Bb
threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes
Chromosomes
A process in which individuals who have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.
Natural Selection
Structures that have no apparent function and are left over from a past ancestor.
Vestigial
An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present.
Recessive
Complete the Punnett square
Parent A: Dd
Parent B: dd
Dd, dd
Dd, dd
An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
Phenotype
the selective breeding of organisms by humans for specific characteristics
Artificial Selection
Similar structures that developed independently
Analogous
An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait (purebred)
Homozygous
Cross 2 people that are heterozygous for rolling their tongue. What is the probability that their offspring can roll their tongue?
Hint (rolling your tongue is dominant)
75%
Word we use to describe the genes in an organism
Genotype
English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)
Charles Darwin
the study of organisms in their first stages of development and how it provides evidence for evolution.
Embryological Evidence
2 different alleles (hybrid)
Heterozygous
Cross a person who is homozygous for rolling their tongue with a person who cannot. What is the probability that their offspring can roll their tongue?
Hint (rolling your tongue is dominant)
100%
one of two or more alternative forms of a gene
Allele