Cross a homozygous dominant for trait b organism with a homozygous recessive for trait b organism. What is the genotypic ratio of the F1 generation?
heterozygous
200
What does the spindle fiber (microtubules) do in mitosis?
They separate the chromosomes into chromatids
200
Define allele
Different forms of the same gene
300
What will DNA form during mitosis and meiosis to allow it to be safe once the nucleus disappears?
Form a chromosome
300
"We made the first model of DNA"
Watson and Crick
300
Give the genotypic ratio for a cross of two heterozygous for trait A organisms.
1AA: 2Aa: 1aa
300
What reforms at telophase of mitosis?
Two new nuclei
300
Define mutation
A change in the genetic sequence
400
Spell DNA (the long way)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
400
"I discovered the nitrogen base pairs (A,T, C and G)
Erwin Chargaff
400
Define incomplete dominance and give an example of this phenomena.
The dominant and recessive outcome is not the same as the heterozygous outcome.
400
Discuss the difference between mitosis and meiosis. You must use the words diploid, haploid, sexual and asexual in you comparison.
Mitosis is asexual reproduction. A diploid cell will turn into two identical diploid cells.
Meiosis is preparation for sexual reproduction. A diploid cell will create four haploid cells.
400
What is the difference between a dominant and recessive allele in incomplete dominance?
Neither are expressed completely, the hybrid is a mix of both
500
Place the following in order from smallest to largest:
Nucleotide, protein, nitrogen base, chromosome, element, cell, gene, DNA strand
Element, nitrogen base, nucleotide, protein, DNA strand, gene, chromosome, cell
500
How long have we been knowledgable about genetics? Roughly give a year that we knew something about this science.
The late 1800's (1872-1890)
500
Use a Punnett Square to determine the phenotypic percent probability that the F-2 generation would have white feathers, if the parent generation had two parents, one with AA red feathers, and the other with aa white feathers. Aa will not display incomplete or codominance in this situation.
25% white feathers
500
Why is all life dependent on both the cell cycle and meiosis?
The cell cycle provides an organism with all the new cells it will require for its lifetime. Meiosis is the process required to make haploid cells. Once these haploid cells combine, the cell cycle begins.
500
What is the most instrumental macromolecule necessary for proper production of the cell cycle, DNA replication, and general metabolism (general maintenance and function of the body) from zygote to where you are right now, then on to old age?