Show:
Asexual Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction
Reproductive Success
Mutations and Heredity
Natural Selection and Artificial Selection
100
How many parents are there in asexual reproduction?
One parent
100
How many parents are there in sexual reproduction?
Two
100
What is reproductive success?
It is a term that describes the individual organism's ability to produce offspring that survive.
100
What is a mutation?
A mutation is a random change in the DNA sequence that can be harmful, beneficial or neutral.
100
What is evolution?
Evolution is the gradual change in allele frequency within a population.
200
Does asexual reproduction involve fertilization?
No
200
Does sexual reproduction involve fertilization?
Yes
200
What happens to the species that don't have reproductive success?
Their population will decrease and they may become extinct.
200
What are the three different types of mutations? Define them.
1. Deletion - a base of DNA is taken out of the whole strand. 2. Addition - a base of DNA is added to the whole strand. 3. Substitution - a base of DNA changed into another base.
200
How does natural selection lead to evolution?
Individuals in a population are exposed to natural selection by environmental pressures.
300
Are the offspring produced genetically identical (clones) or genetically diverse?
The offspring produced are genetically identical (clones).
300
Are the offspring produced genetically identical (clones) or genetically diverse?
Genetically diverse
300
What animal behaviors and structures help with reproductive success for animals?
Behaviors - nest to protect young from cold, herd of animals protecting young from predators, animal calls to protect others, animal mating calls, etc. Structures - colorful feathers, natural helmets, pouches, etc.
300
Give examples of characteristics and traits.
Characteristics - eye color, skin color, hair color, etc. Traits - brown hair, red hair, blue eyes
300
What does fitness and adaptation mean?
Fitness - defined as the relative likelihood that the allele will be represented in future generations in a population Adaptation - is any characteristic that increases fitness
400
Name an example of an organism that asexually reproduces?
Fungi, bacteria, etc.
400
Which one of these is an advantage for sexual reproduction? a) More offspring b) Offspring more unique c) Cannot adapt easily in different environments d) Takes more time and energy
B - Offspring more unique
400
What plant structures and behaviors affecting plants help with reproductive success for plants?
Structure - bright flowers, flower nectar, nice odor, etc. Behaviors - transferring pollen or seeds
400
What are the two causes of mutation?
1. Spontaneous Mutations - complications in DNA replication or in gamete creation (meiosis) 2. Induced Mutations - caused by the environment (sun, chemicals, etc.)
400
What do you need for natural selection to occur?
There needs to be: 1. A variation in traits 2. Heredity 3. Competition for survival 4. Differential reproduction 5. Some organisms that have better reproductive success
500
Name the other types of asexual reproduction besides Budding.
Binary Fission, Fragmentation, Spores
500
Name two types of sexual reproduction.
Egg and sperm fertilization, Pollination
500
How are hard shells on the nuts that squirrels eat an advantage for the nuts?
It is an advantage because the hard shell on the nut will protect the nut until it is fully grown so the squirrels can't eat it before the nut has a chance to grow.
500
What are the differences between: 1. Dominant and Recessive traits 2. Genotype and Phenotype 3. Homozygous and Heterozygous
1. Dominant trait - a trait that is expressed over. Recessive trait - the trait that seems to disappear when paired with a dominant trait. 2. Genotype = genetic makeup, BB, Bb, or bb, determined from parents' DNA. Phenotype = physical expression of a gene, organism's appearance, determined by genotype. 3. Homozygous = same allele, BB, bb, homozygous dominant (BB), homozygous recessive (bb). Heterozygous = different allele, Bb
500
Choose one of them and define: 1. Animal Husbandry 2. Genetic Modification 3. Gene Therapy
1. Management and selective breeding of animals to profit from certain genetic traits or behaviors. 2. Manually inserting DNA in an organism to introduce a new trait to the organism. 3. Inserting genes to correct harmful mutations, and potentially cure genetic diseases.